Citation:

s00338-008-0454-8

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry, community calcification and photosynthesis during experiments with coral reefs at Shiraho reef, Ishigaki Island, southwest Japan, 2009
Published: 2009-06-23
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Field experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

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Abstract:

Seven coral reef communities were defined on Shiraho fringing reef, Ishigaki Island, Japan. Net photosynthesis and calcification rates were measured by in situ incubations at 10 sites that included six of the defined communities, and which occupied most of the area on the reef flat and slope. Net photosynthesis on the reef flat was positive overall, but the reef flat acts as a source for atmospheric CO2, because the measured calcification/photosynthesis ratio of 2.5 is greater than the critical ratio of 1.67. Net photosynthesis on the reef slope was negative. Almost all excess organic production from the reef flat is expected to be effused to the outer reef and consumed by the communities there. Therefore, the total net organic production of the whole reef system is probably almost zero and the whole reef system also acts as a source for atmospheric CO2. Net calcification rates of the reef slope corals were much lower than those of the branching corals. The accumulation rate of the former was approximately 0.5 m kyr?1 and of the latter was ~0.7-5 m kyr?1. Consequently, reef slope corals could not grow fast enough to keep up with or catch up to rising sea levels during the Holocene. On the other hand, the branching corals grow fast enough to keep up with this rising sea level. Therefore, a transition between early Holocene and present-day reef communities is expected. Branching coral communities would have dominated while reef growth kept pace with sea level rise, and the reef was constructed with a branching coral framework. Then, the outside of this framework was covered and built up by reef slope corals and present-day reefs were constructed.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Field experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Event(s):

NN_08 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Site	Site		Nakamura, T
2	Date/time start	Date/time start		Nakamura, T
3	Date/time end	Date/time end		Nakamura, T
4	Salinity	Sal		Nakamura, T	Salinometer (Model 601 MK-IV, Yeo-Kal Electronics Pvt. Ltd).
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Nakamura, T	Temperature/pH-logger
6	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Nakamura, T	Photon flux sensor (MDS MkV/L, Alec Electronics Co., Ltd)
7	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
8	pH	pH		Nakamura, T	pH meter (Radiometer, PHM, 240)	Total scale
9	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Nakamura, T	Potentiometric open-cell titration
10	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Nakamura, T	Calculated
11	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	mmol/m²/h	Nakamura, T	Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975)
19	Net photosynthesis rate	PN	mmol/m²/h	Nakamura, T	Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

2576 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Site	2 Date/time start	3 Date/time end	4 Sal	5 Temp [°C]	6 PAR [µmol/m²/s]	7 CSC flag	8 pH	9 AT [µmol/kg]	10 DIC [µmol/kg]	11 CO2 [µmol/kg]	12 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	13 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	14 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	15 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	16 Omega Arg	17 Omega Cal	18 Calc rate CaCO3 [mmol/m²/h]	19 PN [mmol/m²/h]
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-19T09:00		34.24	30.87		15	8.04	2156	1827	9.22	228.72	1589.05	373.65	372.39	3.76	5.61
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-19T11:45	34.24	32.24	1132	15	8.37	2140	1568	3.16	380.81	1184.03	131.78	131.34	6.31	9.37	904	28089
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-19T12:00		33.94	31.22		15	8.02	2218	1892	9.94	229.96	1652.10	405.10	403.75	3.80	5.66
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-19T14:45	33.96	33.69	1208	15	8.44	2178	1528	2.43	431.92	1093.65	104.55	104.21	7.24	10.70	2244	38445
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-19T15:00		33.74	32.76		15	8.06	2218	1852	8.45	256.23	1587.33	356.00	354.83	4.28	6.34
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-19T17:45	33.80	34.32	1170	15	8.30	2201	1650	3.85	372.99	1273.16	167.78	167.23	6.29	9.27	958	21587
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-19T18:00		33.53	33.24		15	8.12	2218	1809	7.00	284.28	1517.72	297.88	296.91	4.77	7.06
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-19T20:45	33.71	32.86	116	15	7.95	2255	1955	11.92	215.51	1727.57	503.09	501.44	3.60	5.34	-2071	-14221
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-19T21:00		34.25	32.27		15	8.01	2164	1840	9.76	226.21	1604.03	407.72	406.37	3.75	5.56
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-19T23:45	34.26	31.89	0	15	7.75	2237	2049	20.96	144.21	1883.83	868.77	865.88	2.39	3.54	-4082	-19245
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-20T00:00		34.33	31.67		15	7.98	2167	1862	10.63	214.10	1637.27	438.66	437.20	3.53	5.25
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-20T02:45	34.26	31.84	0	15	7.69	2245	2084	24.70	128.44	1930.85	1022.60	1019.19	2.12	3.16	-4367	-20390
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-20T03:00		34.13	32.18		15	7.96	2203	1903	11.32	212.78	1678.90	472.01	470.45	3.53	5.24
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-20T05:45	34.13	31.88	0	15	7.70	2245	2079	23.93	131.45	1923.62	990.85	987.55	2.18	3.23	-2314	-17360
Seagrass community (at site 1)	2007-07-20T06:00		34.12	31.44		15	7.89	2213	1959	14.21	183.96	1760.84	582.56	580.61	3.04	4.52
Seagrass community (at site 1)		2007-07-20T09:00	34.12	31.95	273	15	8.00	2230	1911	10.56	225.93	1674.51	437.99	436.53	3.74	5.56	-859	5809
Seagrass community (at site 2)	2006-07-23T09:30		34.00	27.99		15	8.04	2178	1874	10.09	213.31	1650.60	381.86	380.49	3.46	5.20
Seagrass community (at site 2)		2006-07-23T12:15	34.00	30.95	1637	15	8.21	2162	1720	5.53	301.28	1413.19	224.04	223.26	4.96	7.40	913	16253
Seagrass community (at site 2)	2006-07-23T12:30		34.00	30.50		15	8.06	2184	1843	8.86	237.83	1596.31	355.48	354.25	3.91	5.84
Seagrass community (at site 2)		2006-07-23T15:15	34.00	33.22	1757	15	8.25	2156	1658	4.49	336.39	1317.12	191.21	190.57	5.62	8.31	1537	19091
Seagrass community (at site 2)	2006-07-23T15:30		34.00	31.44		15	8.11	2138	1764	7.37	256.89	1499.74	301.93	300.90	4.25	6.32
Seagrass community (at site 2)		2006-07-23T18:15	34.00	32.50	818	15	8.22	2127	1665	5.00	311.99	1348.01	209.73	209.01	5.19	7.70	613	10419
Seagrass community (at site 2)	2006-07-23T18:30		34.00	31.51		15	8.19	2098	1674	5.62	286.37	1382.02	230.66	229.87	4.73	7.04
Seagrass community (at site 2)		2006-07-23T21:15	34.00	30.39	32	15	8.06	2134	1802	8.77	229.87	1563.36	351.18	349.96	3.77	5.64	-1985	-12326
Seagrass community (at site 2)	2006-07-23T21:30		34.00	28.91		15	8.08	2157	1821	8.60	233.06	1579.35	332.49	331.32	3.79	5.70
Seagrass community (at site 2)		2006-07-23T00:15	34.00	28.88	0	15	7.91	2204	1960	14.22	176.68	1769.10	549.63	547.69	2.88	4.32	-2668	-12835
Seagrass community (at site 2)	2006-07-24T00:30		34.00	28.52		15	8.01	2187	1896	10.94	205.57	1679.49	419.41	417.92	3.34	5.02
Seagrass community (at site 2)		2006-07-24T03:15	34.00	28.60	0	15	7.87	2207	1988	16.25	161.14	1810.61	623.91	621.69	2.62	3.94	-1090	-9202
Seagrass community (at site 2)	2006-07-24T03:30		34.00	28.47		15	8.01	2163	1873	10.74	203.97	1658.28	411.22	409.76	3.31	4.98
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-07-31T09:00		34.20	28.44	1091	15	7.94	2159	1908	13.13	179.10	1715.77	502.85	500.94	2.90	4.36	658	2420
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-07-31T11:45	34.20	29.83		15	7.95	2148	1880	12.16	189.74	1678.11	481.01	479.21	3.10	4.64
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-07-31T12:00		34.20	29.34	1721	15	8.04	2160	1846	9.69	219.05	1617.25	379.20	377.77	3.57	5.35	1361	2390
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-07-31T14:45	34.20	31.20		15	8.03	2135	1812	9.34	224.14	1578.52	381.19	379.78	3.69	5.50
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-07-31T15:00		34.20	30.70	1097	15	8.08	2127	1776	8.04	241.35	1526.62	324.38	323.18	3.96	5.91	606	156
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-07-31T17:45	34.20	31.61		15	8.07	2116	1769	8.23	238.50	1522.28	338.81	337.57	3.94	5.86
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-07-31T18:00		34.20	31.27	91	15	8.11	2113	1741	7.25	254.04	1479.71	296.38	295.29	4.19	6.23	-530	-2025
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-07-31T20:45	34.20	31.12		15	8.09	2123	1764	7.77	246.30	1509.94	316.37	315.20	4.06	6.04
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-07-31T21:00		34.20	29.68	0	15	8.04	2129	1812	9.32	219.72	1582.96	367.32	365.94	3.59	5.37	-879	-2676
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-07-31T23:45	34.20	29.50		15	8.02	2145	1844	10.21	210.25	1623.54	400.79	399.29	3.43	5.14
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-08-01T00:00		34.20	29.00	0	15	8.01	2165	1867	10.48	209.03	1647.49	406.60	405.06	3.40	5.10	-209	-2537
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-08-01T02:45	34.20	29.03		15	7.98	2169	1892	11.69	195.95	1684.36	453.95	452.23	3.19	4.78
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-08-01T03:00		34.20	28.77	0	15	7.99	2160	1880	11.37	197.41	1671.22	438.82	437.16	3.21	4.81	-831	-2321
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-08-01T05:45	34.20	28.82		15	7.96	2175	1908	12.33	189.82	1705.85	476.45	474.64	3.08	4.63
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)	2006-08-01T06:00		34.20	28.66	355	15	7.97	2162	1890	11.84	192.42	1685.74	455.95	454.22	3.12	4.69	4	-470
Sand and gravel bottom benthos community (Site 3)		2006-08-01T09:00	34.20	29.09		15	7.96	2162	1895	12.23	189.42	1693.35	475.80	474.01	3.08	4.62
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-26T09:00		34.58	29.00	1142	15	8.05	2150	1828	9.26	223.10	1595.64	360.05	358.71	3.62	5.43	4161	9892
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-26T12:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.16	2069	1690	6.49	255.15	1428.36	252.27	251.33	4.14	6.20
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-26T12:00		34.58	29.00	1159	15	8.21	2122	1701	5.68	284.36	1410.96	220.88	220.06	4.61	6.91	2858	5061
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-24T15:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.26	2067	1623	4.80	295.64	1322.56	186.66	185.97	4.80	7.19
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-26T15:00		34.58	29.00	470	15	8.15	2148	1766	6.98	261.02	1498.00	271.23	270.22	4.23	6.35	1123	-400
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-26T18:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.13	2126	1759	7.30	250.45	1501.25	283.91	282.85	4.06	6.09
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-26T18:00		34.58	29.00	17	15	8.07	2155	1821	8.79	230.91	1581.30	341.65	340.38	3.75	5.62	0	-1543
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-26T21:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.05	2155	1836	9.44	221.42	1605.14	367.12	365.75	3.59	5.38
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-26T21:00		34.58	29.00	0	15	8.03	2166	1853	9.83	218.09	1625.08	382.04	380.62	3.54	5.30	0	-1256
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-26T00:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.01	2166	1865	10.42	210.51	1644.07	405.10	403.59	3.41	5.12
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-27T00:00		34.58	29.00	0	15	8.00	2164	1870	10.76	206.02	1653.22	418.55	416.99	3.34	5.01	-270	-221
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-27T03:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.00	2169	1875	10.82	206.22	1657.97	420.55	418.98	3.35	5.01
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-27T03:00		34.58	29.00	0	15	8.00	2168	1876	10.91	204.92	1660.17	424.34	422.76	3.32	4.98	-358	174
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-27T06:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.01	2178	1878	10.59	210.37	1657.04	411.80	410.26	3.41	5.12
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)	2004-08-27T06:00		34.58	29.00	268	15	8.01	2180	1881	10.66	209.82	1660.52	414.61	413.07	3.40	5.10	1812	3138
Branching Acropora community (at Site 4)		2004-08-27T09:00	34.58	29.00		15	8.04	2145	1833	9.67	216.58	1606.75	376.08	374.68	3.51	5.27
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-20T09:00		34.50	27.93	1188	15	7.94	2142	1892	12.98	177.40	1701.62	491.83	489.85	2.86	4.31	10869	18069
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-20T11:45	34.50	29.64		15	8.07	1948	1633	7.82	209.91	1415.27	308.72	307.50	3.42	5.11
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-20T12:00		34.50	28.78	1291	15	7.99	2122	1843	11.09	194.96	1636.95	429.10	427.38	3.16	4.74	11707	20173
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-20T14:45	34.50	30.73		15	8.13	1912	1558	6.28	231.99	1319.73	254.05	253.06	3.80	5.67
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-20T15:00		34.50	30.11	863	15	8.07	2080	1747	8.31	227.29	1511.40	331.54	330.24	3.71	5.54	8553	12868
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-20T17:45	34.50	30.68		15	8.15	1927	1555	5.84	243.70	1305.46	236.17	235.25	3.99	5.95
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-20T18:00		34.50	29.66	58	15	8.11	2112	1752	7.50	245.63	1498.87	296.16	294.99	4.00	5.98	2894	-6882
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-20T20:45	34.50	29.44		15	7.98	2061	1788	10.90	189.00	1588.10	428.18	426.49	3.07	4.60
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-20T21:00		34.50	28.79	0	15	8.06	2130	1807	8.99	222.91	1575.10	347.61	346.23	3.61	5.42	1809	-9282
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-20T23:45	34.50	28.62		15	7.87	2090	1874	15.09	154.92	1704.00	581.27	578.94	2.51	3.77
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-21T00:00		34.50	28.19	0	15	7.98	2152	1881	11.78	190.94	1678.27	449.34	447.54	3.08	4.64	1382	-7445
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-21T02:45	34.50	28.18		15	7.82	2127	1936	17.89	140.97	1777.14	682.19	679.45	2.28	3.42
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-21T03:00		34.50	28.00	0	15	7.96	2155	1894	12.40	184.75	1696.85	471.00	469.10	2.98	4.49	1678	-7338
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-21T05:45	34.50	27.93		15	7.80	2125	1944	18.89	134.86	1790.25	716.11	713.23	2.18	3.27
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)	2006-07-21T06:00		34.50	27.56	379	15	7.94	2159	1913	13.38	175.41	1724.20	502.85	500.81	2.82	4.25	4958	3270
Branching Acropora community (at Site 5)		2006-07-21T09:00	34.50	28.16		15	7.91	2062	1833	13.57	161.66	1657.77	517.19	515.11	2.61	3.93
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-21T09:00		34.50	28.29	1022	15	7.98	2149	1876	11.65	192.11	1672.24	445.24	443.47	3.11	4.67	16070	21145
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-20T11:45	34.50	29.75		15	8.09	1861	1543	6.99	207.51	1328.50	276.42	275.34	3.38	5.06
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-20T12:00		34.50	29.51	990	15	8.08	2112	1775	8.35	231.12	1535.54	328.29	327.01	3.76	5.63	16206	17511
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-20T14:45	34.50	30.62		15	8.14	1822	1473	5.76	224.05	1243.19	232.37	231.47	3.67	5.47
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-20T15:00		34.50	29.61	440	15	8.14	2138	1758	7.02	259.52	1491.45	276.95	275.87	4.23	6.32	12787	7858
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-20T17:45	34.50	29.94		15	8.11	1909	1573	6.76	220.81	1345.43	268.53	267.48	3.60	5.38
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-20T18:00		34.50	29.02	44	15	8.16	2104	1721	6.61	259.59	1454.80	257.08	256.07	4.21	6.32	5119	-8293
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-20T20:45	34.50	28.92		15	7.97	2012	1750	10.92	180.13	1558.96	423.67	422.01	2.92	4.38
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-20T21:00		34.50	28.53	0	15	8.10	2113	1774	8.14	232.17	1533.69	313.01	311.78	3.76	5.64	4038	-10585
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-20T23:45	34.50	28.35		15	7.87	2040	1832	15.04	148.27	1668.69	575.90	573.62	2.40	3.60
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-21T00:00		34.50	28.13	0	15	8.00	2147	1862	10.91	199.51	1651.59	415.43	413.78	3.22	4.84	2873	-9523
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-21T02:45	34.50	28.16		15	7.79	2096	1921	19.20	130.48	1771.33	731.59	728.68	2.11	3.17
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-21T03:00		34.50	27.91	0	15	7.99	2163	1884	11.38	196.30	1676.33	430.99	429.28	3.17	4.76	2843	-9096
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-21T05:45	34.50	27.92		15	7.78	2112	1940	19.74	129.14	1791.12	748.23	745.25	2.08	3.13
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)	2006-06-21T06:00		34.50	27.87	218	15	7.95	2160	1905	12.83	181.15	1711.02	485.74	483.81	2.92	4.40	8191	2032
Branching Acropora community (at Site 6)		2006-06-21T09:00	34.50	29.00		15	7.83	2000	1805	15.83	139.36	1649.81	615.33	612.91	2.26	3.39
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-28T09:00		34.61	28.83	1210	15	8.01	2148	1853	10.53	205.92	1636.56	407.64	406.21	3.34	5.01	10267	18502
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-28T11:45	34.61	30.95		15	8.13	1964	1596	6.27	243.15	1346.57	255.10	254.23	3.99	5.94
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-28T12:00		34.64	31.15	1701	15	8.17	2037	1634	5.81	268.63	1359.55	237.45	236.64	4.41	6.56	10579	17674
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-28T14:45	34.63	33.18		15	8.28	1847	1381	3.50	294.15	1083.35	149.54	149.04	4.89	7.23
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-28T15:00		34.68	32.98	1006	15	8.26	1920	1456	3.91	298.22	1153.87	166.13	165.58	4.95	7.32	6617	6797
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-28T17:45	34.67	32.40		15	8.30	1802	1336	3.23	290.67	1042.10	135.77	135.31	4.81	7.12
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-28T18:00		34.60	29.65	103	15	8.09	2134	1783	8.03	240.85	1534.13	316.79	315.68	3.92	5.87	1651	-5339
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-28T20:45	34.60	29.51		15	8.00	2105	1816	10.52	200.62	1604.86	413.79	412.34	3.26	4.88
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-28T21:00		34.61	29.01	0	15	8.00	2150	1860	10.84	202.91	1646.24	421.73	420.25	3.29	4.93	-246	-9341
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-28T23:45	34.60	28.98		15	7.84	2154	1946	16.82	152.31	1776.87	653.58	651.29	2.47	3.70
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-29T00:00		34.61	28.61	0	15	7.88	2171	1947	15.52	162.52	1768.96	597.95	595.84	2.63	3.95	-1106	-7666
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-29T02:45	34.60	28.68		15	7.74	2191	2026	22.23	127.75	1876.02	857.89	854.86	2.07	3.10
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-29T03:00		34.57	28.54	0	15	7.96	2164	1897	12.25	188.94	1695.81	470.92	469.26	3.06	4.59	-342	-7837
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-29T05:45	34.59	28.55		15	7.83	2170	1970	17.73	147.86	1804.41	681.85	679.45	2.39	3.59
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)	2007-06-29T06:00		34.59	28.39	434	15	7.95	2166	1904	12.57	185.82	1705.61	481.55	479.85	3.00	4.51	3820	4671
Montipora stellata community (at site 7)		2007-06-29T09:00	34.58	29.09		15	7.97	2091	1821	11.36	188.15	1621.49	442.45	440.90	3.05	4.58
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-05T09:00		34.60	31.18		15	8.05	2183	1839	8.95	239.01	1591.04	365.56	364.43	3.93	5.84
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-05T11:45	34.57	31.93	7375	15	8.12	2165	1769	7.01	271.33	1490.66	291.30	290.40	4.48	6.65	997	6765
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-05T12:00		34.58	31.52		15	8.05	2169	1821	8.71	241.02	1571.28	358.38	357.28	3.97	5.90
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-05T14:45	34.58	33.07	1744	15	8.20	2134	1675	5.24	309.37	1360.40	222.92	222.25	5.14	7.60	1967	14361
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-05T15:00		34.59	32.39		15	8.15	2149	1733	6.36	283.15	1443.49	266.80	265.99	4.69	6.95
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-05T17:45	34.59	33.19	1201	15	8.24	2119	1634	4.60	324.60	1304.80	196.44	195.85	5.40	7.98	1703	9314
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-05T18:00		34.59	31.68		15	8.08	2149	1783	7.87	251.48	1523.65	325.15	324.15	4.15	6.16
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-05T20:45	24.54	31.46	97	15	8.14	2183	1867	8.15	236.33	1622.52	318.97	317.98	4.11	6.33	-1900	-7424
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-05T21:00		34.51	31.24		15	8.01	2176	1856	9.94	223.63	1622.43	406.55	405.29	3.68	5.47
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-05T23:45	34.51	31.19	0	15	7.94	2189	1912	12.42	197.03	1702.56	507.11	505.54	3.24	4.82	-739	-5472
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-06T00:00		34.53	31.07		15	7.78	2167	1867	16.28	192.20	1658.52	731.65	729.39	2.44	3.74
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-06T02:45	34.53	30.98	0	15	7.90	2193	1938	13.90	183.33	1740.77	565.08	563.33	3.01	4.48	-1456	-6519
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-06T03:00		34.54	30.88		15	7.95	2173	1893	12.00	198.17	1682.84	486.64	485.13	3.25	4.84
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-06T02:45	34.55	30.57	0	15	7.83	2212	1992	16.92	162.18	1812.90	681.47	679.35	2.66	3.96	-2179	-8879
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)	2007-08-06T06:00		34.59	29.84		15	7.82	2211	2004	17.97	153.92	1832.11	712.17	709.93	2.51	3.75
Reef crest algal community (at Site 8)		2007-08-06T09:00			400												-430	-2000
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-24T09:00		34.46	30.98		15	7.93	2157	1889	12.56	190.15	1686.29	510.78	508.92	3.12	4.65
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-24T11:45	34.47	31.15	1274	15	7.99	2128	1829	10.48	208.41	1610.11	427.93	426.37	3.43	5.10	1616	5074
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-24T12:00		34.46	31.22		15	7.98	2156	1855	10.68	210.85	1633.47	436.49	434.90	3.47	5.16
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-24T14:45	34.47	31.25	1479	15	8.03	2145	1820	9.41	225.49	1585.10	384.88	383.48	3.71	5.52	625	3196
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-24T15:00		34.47	31.18		15	8.03	2178	1846	9.39	231.35	1605.26	383.64	382.25	3.80	5.66
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-24T17:45	34.46	31.10	854	15	8.00	2150	1841	10.19	215.61	1615.21	415.33	413.81	3.54	5.27	1589	-1048
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-24T18:00		34.46	31.01		15	8.03	2168	1843	9.58	226.45	1606.96	389.97	388.54	3.72	5.54
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-24T20:45	34.47	30.78	87	15	7.97	2172	1879	11.20	206.34	1661.46	453.28	451.62	3.38	5.04	-192	-3842
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-24T21:00		34.47	30.66		15	8.02	2178	1860	9.95	222.35	1627.70	401.74	400.27	3.64	5.43
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-24T23:45	34.47	30.92	0	15	7.96	2174	1887	11.58	202.69	1672.73	470.44	468.72	3.33	4.96	244	-3252
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-25T00:00		34.47	30.87		15	8.00	2173	1866	10.48	215.24	1640.28	425.11	423.56	3.53	5.26
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-25T02:45	34.47	30.81	0	15	7.95	2177	1895	11.89	199.63	1683.48	481.62	479.86	3.27	4.88	-276	-2915
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-25T03:00		34.47	30.77		15	8.00	2182	1872	10.40	217.48	1644.12	420.96	419.42	3.57	5.32
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-25T05:45	34.47	30.77	0	15	7.96	2181	1897	11.81	201.03	1684.16	477.86	476.11	3.30	4.91	70	-2893
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)	2007-07-25T06:00		34.47	30.72		15	7.98	2176	1880	11.06	208.38	1660.56	447.26	445.63	3.42	5.09
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 9)		2007-07-25T09:00	34.47	30.80	373	15	7.92	2155	1896	13.10	184.40	1698.50	530.52	528.58	3.02	4.51	1090	-2789
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-03T09:00		34.56	29.40		15	8.04	2169	1850	9.63	222.15	1618.22	378.09	376.55	3.61	5.41
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-03T11:45	34.59	29.67	825	15	8.01	2132	1833	10.30	208.03	1614.67	406.73	405.09	3.39	5.06	2081	-169
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-03T12:00		34.57	29.50		15	8.01	2151	1850	10.35	210.05	1629.60	407.27	405.62	3.42	5.11
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-03T14:45	34.59	29.83	1013	15	8.05	2125	1800	9.03	224.10	1566.87	357.90	356.45	3.65	5.46	1428	4211
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-03T15:00		34.59	29.91		15	8.07	2137	1799	8.60	232.85	1557.55	341.50	340.12	3.80	5.67
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-03T17:45	34.58	29.84	643	15	8.03	2125	1814	9.66	215.32	1589.01	383.18	381.63	3.51	5.24	673	-2271
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-03T18:00		34.58	29.53		15	8.04	2149	1831	9.51	220.67	1600.81	374.63	373.11	3.59	5.37
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-03T20:45	34.59	29.52	58	15	7.98	2160	1876	11.37	199.71	1664.92	447.67	445.86	3.25	4.86	-591	-4466
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-03T21:00		34.57	29.44		15	8.03	2168	1854	9.87	218.94	1625.19	387.66	386.08	3.56	5.33
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-03T23:45	34.60	28.82	0	15	7.95	2164	1901	12.56	186.50	1701.94	486.71	484.72	3.02	4.53	240	-5468
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-04T00:00		34.59	29.19		15	7.97	2153	1879	11.82	193.07	1674.11	461.83	459.95	3.13	4.70
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-04T02:45	34.59	29.33	0	15	7.90	2151	1911	14.13	171.91	1724.96	553.87	551.61	2.79	4.18	63	-3669
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-04T03:00		34.59	29.23		15	7.94	2153	1895	12.85	183.11	1699.04	502.42	500.37	2.97	4.45
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-04T05:45	34.64	28.27	0	15	7.96	2175	1909	12.40	188.57	1708.03	474.23	472.27	3.04	4.57	-1225	-365
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)	2007-07-04T06:00		34.62	28.35		15	8.01	2178	1881	10.65	208.23	1662.13	407.87	406.20	3.36	5.05
Pocillopora verrucosa-tubular Acropora community (at Site 10)		2007-07-04T09:00	34.59	28.81	280	15	8.02	2150	1850	10.28	209.16	1630.56	398.10	396.47	3.39	5.08	1442	1694