Citation:

meps334063

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and cell numbers during experiments with dinoflagellates, 2007
Published: 2007
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Caratium lineatum; Chromista; Heterocapsa triquetra; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Myzozoa; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Prorocentrum minimum; Single species

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Abstract:

The effects of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) on the growth of 3 red-tide dinoflagellates (Ceratium lineatum, Heterocapsa triquetra and Prorocentrum minimum) were studied at pH 8.0 and at higher pH levels, depending upon the pH tolerance of the individual species. The higher pH levels chosen for experiments were 8.55 for C. lineatum and 9.2 for the other 2 species. At pH 8.0, which approximates the pH found in the open sea, the maximum growth in all species was maintained until the total DIC concentration was reduced below ~0.4 and 0.2 mM for C. lineatum and the other 2 species, respectively. Growth compensation points (concentration of inorganic carbon needed for maintenance of cells) were reached at ~0.18 and 0.05 mM DIC for C. lineatum and the other 2 species, respectively. At higher pH levels, maximum growth rates were lower compared to growth at pH 8, even at very high DIC concentrations, indicating a direct pH effect on growth. Moreover, the concentration of bio-available inorganic carbon (CO2 + HCO3-) required for maintenance as well as the half-saturation constants were increased considerably at high pH compared to pH 8.0. Experiments with pH-drift were carried out at initial concentrations of 2.4 and 1.2 mM DIC to test whether pH or DIC was the main limiting factor at a natural range of DIC. Independent of the initial DIC concentrations, growth rates were similar in both incubations until pH had increased considerably. The results of this study demonstrated that growth of the 3 species was mainly limited by pH, while inorganic carbon limitation played a minor role only at very high pH levels and low initial DIC concentrations.

Keyword(s):

Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Caratium lineatum; Chromista; Heterocapsa triquetra; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Myzozoa; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Prorocentrum minimum; Single species

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Event(s):

Hansen_etal_07/F2 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Hansen, Per Juel
2	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
3	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Hansen, Per Juel
4	Salinity	Sal		Hansen, Per Juel
5	Density, mass density	Density	kg/m³	Hansen, Per Juel	Calculated
6	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Hansen, Per Juel	PAR sensor LI-1000, LI-COR Inc.
7	Light:Dark cycle	L:D	hh:hh	Hansen, Per Juel	Measured
8	pH	pH		Hansen, Per Juel	pH meter (Sentron, Argus X)	NBS scale
9	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
10	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Hansen, Per Juel	Infrared gas analyser (ADC, MK3)
11	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19	Dinoflagellates	Dinofl	#/ml	Hansen, Per Juel	Counted in Sedgewick-Rafter chamber

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1040 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	3 Temp [°C]	4 Sal	5 Density [kg/m³] (Calculated)	6 PAR [µmol/m²/s] (PAR sensor LI-1000, LI-COR Inc.)	7 L:D [hh:hh] (Measured)	8 pH (NBS scale, pH meter (Sentron,...)	9 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	10 DIC [µmol/kg] (Infrared gas analyser (ADC, MK3))	11 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	12 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	13 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	14 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	15 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	16 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	17 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	18 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	19 Dinofl [#/ml] (Counted in Sedgewick-Rafter c...)
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.61	7.49	2266.3	2265.4	63.98	1666.70	1660.76	2158.56	43.76	0.68	1.08	404
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.64	7.52	2240.1	2248.1	59.03	1537.81	1532.32	2134.69	46.38	0.72	1.14	558
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.71	7.59	2180.8	2209.0	48.93	1274.86	1270.32	2078.85	53.06	0.83	1.31	1231
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.71	7.59	2174.0	2202.1	48.79	1271.02	1266.49	2072.30	52.88	0.83	1.30	1529
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.88	7.76	2113.5	2191.9	31.90	831.19	828.23	2005.82	75.76	1.18	1.86	2419
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.17	8.05	1900.1	2077.2	14.33	373.22	371.89	1756.36	129.37	2.02	3.18	3896
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.34	8.22	1769.5	2019.1	8.75	228.04	227.23	1587.72	173.02	2.70	4.26	4404
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.47	8.35	1731.2	2053.0	6.15	160.16	159.59	1503.97	221.04	3.45	5.44	5021
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.54	8.42	1635.6	1990.8	4.84	126.06	125.61	1390.65	240.11	3.75	5.91	4913
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.53	8.41	1611.7	1956.8	4.89	127.52	127.07	1374.81	231.99	3.62	5.71	4154
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.56	7.44	1242.7	1242.0	39.32	1024.47	1020.81	1182.00	21.35	0.33	0.53	504
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.63	7.51	1215.7	1227.7	32.80	854.57	851.52	1158.36	24.58	0.38	0.60	738
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.85	7.73	1136.7	1188.8	18.41	479.74	478.03	1080.23	38.07	0.59	0.94	1573
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.91	7.79	1155.6	1220.4	16.26	423.52	422.01	1094.99	44.31	0.69	1.09	2343
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.10	7.98	1103.1	1211.8	9.86	256.95	256.03	1028.73	64.46	1.01	1.59	3136
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.31	8.19	982.4	1148.0	5.24	136.63	136.14	886.98	90.12	1.41	2.22	3965
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.53	8.41	889.9	1133.2	2.70	70.45	70.20	759.15	128.04	2.00	3.15	4233
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.54	8.42	849.6	1091.6	2.52	65.55	65.31	722.46	124.64	1.95	3.07	4388
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.45	8.33	902.1	1112.6	3.38	87.94	87.63	788.14	110.55	1.73	2.72	3750
Caratium lineatum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.42	8.30	916.9	1117.0	3.71	96.56	96.22	807.46	105.68	1.65	2.60	3592
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.76	7.64	2266.3	2309.6	45.30	1180.07	1175.86	2159.16	61.83	0.97	1.52	138
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.78	7.66	2240.1	2289.3	42.73	1113.32	1109.35	2133.38	63.99	1.00	1.57	415
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.97	7.85	2180.8	2291.5	26.62	693.55	691.08	2058.58	95.64	1.49	2.35	2200
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.22	8.10	2174.0	2392.7	14.50	377.70	376.35	1994.61	164.87	2.57	4.06	5956
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.65	8.53	2113.5	2634.8	4.66	121.32	120.89	1724.97	383.86	5.99	9.44	14650
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.21	9.09	1900.1	3020.2	0.78	20.35	20.28	1050.47	848.79	13.25	20.88	26627
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.20	9.08	1769.5	2818.9	0.75	19.59	19.52	988.33	780.41	12.19	19.20	25310
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.20	9.08	1731.2	2763.7	0.74	19.17	19.10	966.91	763.52	11.92	18.78	23339
Heterocapsa triquetra		15	30	1.022	60	16:08			1635.6
Heterocapsa triquetra		15	30	1.022	60	16:08			1611.7
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.83	7.71	1269.2	1319.4	21.55	561.40	559.40	1207.07	40.62	0.63	1.00	158
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.92	7.80	1240.7	1309.8	17.06	444.49	442.90	1175.03	48.62	0.76	1.20	485
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.00	7.88	1193.4	1280.1	13.57	353.45	352.19	1123.94	55.94	0.87	1.38	1240
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.27	8.15	1038.1	1194.6	6.12	159.47	158.90	944.45	87.55	1.37	2.15	5981
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.63	8.51	805.8	1082.5	1.88	48.90	48.73	663.17	140.76	2.20	3.46	11350
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.95	8.83	780.1	1228.8	0.73	19.05	18.98	539.89	239.47	3.74	5.89	14825
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.00	8.88	698.6	1151.9	0.56	14.66	14.61	466.12	231.96	3.62	5.71	15750
Heterocapsa triquetra	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.02	8.90	739.7	1219.0	0.56	14.60	14.55	485.95	253.20	3.95	6.23	13050
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.85	7.73	2289.4	2361.4	37.08	966.00	962.56	2175.58	76.69	1.20	1.89	525
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.88	7.76	2269.8	2351.4	34.27	892.93	889.75	2154.17	81.34	1.27	2.00	967
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.84	7.72	2191.5	2258.7	36.34	946.73	943.36	2083.42	71.76	1.12	1.77	3244
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.00	7.88	2172.0	2293.4	24.68	643.00	640.71	2045.43	101.84	1.59	2.51	5821
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.32	8.20	1927.4	2180.4	10.02	261.15	260.22	1736.59	180.74	2.82	4.45	15265
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.27	9.15	1232.7	2111.6	0.41	10.79	10.75	639.39	592.93	9.26	14.58	47169
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.49	9.37	1144.7	2177.1	0.18	4.59	4.57	450.93	693.57	10.83	17.06	59667
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.48	9.36	1105.5	2105.7	0.18	4.60	4.58	441.60	663.76	10.36	16.33	73944
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.43	9.31	1076.2	2016.6	0.21	5.37	5.35	459.84	616.14	9.62	15.16	72717
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.83	7.71	1226.7	1276.2	20.84	542.99	541.05	1166.66	39.23	0.61	0.97	530
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.91	7.79	1230.0	1296.6	17.31	450.98	449.37	1165.53	47.15	0.74	1.16	1025
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	7.94	7.82	1167.4	1239.1	15.30	398.72	397.30	1104.23	47.87	0.75	1.18	2188
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.12	8.00	1109.0	1223.6	9.45	246.08	245.20	1031.84	67.72	1.06	1.67	7800
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	8.45	8.33	944.4	1159.9	3.53	92.09	91.76	825.13	115.72	1.81	2.85	15150
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.00	8.88	698.7	1152.0	0.56	14.66	14.61	466.18	231.98	3.62	5.71	28031
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.24	9.12	598.2	1154.4	0.22	5.81	5.79	320.75	277.27	4.33	6.82	37579
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.35	9.23	650.3	1297.9	0.17	4.32	4.31	307.58	342.53	5.35	8.43	34741
Prorocentrum minimum	27	15	30	1.022	60	16:08	9.35	9.23	591.9	1208.8	0.15	3.94	3.92	280.00	311.78	4.87	7.67	36307