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Croot, Peter L; Laan, Patrick; Nishioka, Jun; Strass, Volker H; Cisewski, Boris; Boyé, Marie; Timmermans, Klaas R; Bellerby, Richard G J; Goldson, Laura; Nightingale, Philip D; de Baar, Hein J W (2008): Dissolved iron measured along surface transects of the CARUSO-EISENEX experiment [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.701303, Supplement to: Croot, PL et al. (2005): Spatial and temporal distribution of Fe(II) and H2O2 during EisenEx, an open ocean mescoscale iron enrichment. Marine Chemistry, 95(1-2), 65-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2004.06.041

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Abstract:
Measurements of Fe(II) and H2O2 were carried out in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean during EisenEx, an iron enrichment experiment. Iron was added on three separate occasions, approximately every 8 days, as a ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution. Vertical profiles of Fe(II) showed maxima consistent with the plume of the iron infusion. While H2O2 profiles revealed a corresponding minima showing the effect of oxidation of Fe(II) by H2O2, observations showed detectable Fe(II) concentrations existed for up to 8 days after an iron infusion. H2O2 concentrations increased at the depth of the chlorophyll maximum when iron concentrations returned to pre-infusion concentrations (<80 pM) possibly due to biological production related to iron reductase activity.
In this work, Fe(II) and dissolved iron were used as tracers themselves for subsequent iron infusions when no further SF6 was added. EisenEx was subject to periods of weak and strong mixing. Slow mixing after the second infusion allowed significant concentrations of Fe(II) and Fe to exist for several days. During this time, dissolved and total iron in the infusion plume behaved almost conservatively as it was trapped between a relict mixed layer and a new rain-induced mixed layer. Using dissolved iron, a value for the vertical diffusion coefficient Kz=6.7±0.7 cm**2/s was obtained for this 2-day period. During a subsequent surface survey of the iron-enriched patch, elevated levels of Fe(II) were found in surface waters presumably from Fe(II) dissolved in the rainwater that was falling at this time.
Model results suggest that the reaction between uncomplexed Fe(III) and O2? was a significant source of Fe(II) during EisenEx and helped to maintain high levels of Fe(II) in the water column. This phenomenon may occur in iron enrichment experiments when two conditions are met: (i) When Fe is added to a system already saturated with regard to organic complexation and (ii) when mixing processes are slow, thereby reducing the dispersion of iron into under-saturated waters.
Project(s):
European Iron Enrichment Experiment in the Southern Ocean (EisenEx)
Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas (SPP1158)
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 5472008: Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -48.203526 * Median Longitude: 20.909996 * South-bound Latitude: -51.683330 * West-bound Longitude: 19.998330 * North-bound Latitude: -45.036830 * East-bound Longitude: 22.001000
Date/Time Start: 2000-10-29T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2000-11-26T18:00:00
Event(s):
PS58_transect01 * Latitude Start: -45.040000 * Longitude Start: 20.000000 * Latitude End: -47.160000 * Longitude End: 20.780000 * Date/Time Start: 2000-10-29T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2000-11-06T07:00:00 * Campaign: ANT-XVIII/2 (PS58 EISENEX) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT)
PS58_transect02 * Latitude Start: -47.830000 * Longitude Start: 20.840000 * Latitude End: -47.910000 * Longitude End: 20.850000 * Date/Time Start: 2000-11-07T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2000-11-08T07:00:00 * Campaign: ANT-XVIII/2 (PS58 EISENEX) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: during the first fertilisation
PS58_transect03 * Latitude Start: -47.880000 * Longitude Start: 21.030000 * Latitude End: -48.280000 * Longitude End: 21.120000 * Date/Time Start: 2000-11-09T03:16:00 * Date/Time End: 2000-11-15T08:00:00 * Campaign: ANT-XVIII/2 (PS58 EISENEX) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT)
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
11 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect01 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700837
  2. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect02 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700838
  3. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect03 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700839
  4. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect04 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700840
  5. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect05 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700841
  6. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect06 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700842
  7. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect07 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700843
  8. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect08 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700844
  9. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect09 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700845
  10. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect10 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700846
  11. Croot, PL; Laan, P (2008): Dissolved iron measured along underway PS58_transect11 of cruise ANT-XVIII/2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.700847