Citation:

BF01829328

Name: Sedimentological, organic petrographic and organic chemical characteristics of Albian and Cenomanian/Turonian black shales from the North Altlantic (Tab. 3, 4)
Published: 1989
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS Citation BibTeX Citation Text Citation Facebook TwitterShow Map Google Earth

Abstract:

Large parts of the Cretaceous Atlantic Ocean are characterized by the wide-spread deposition of organic-carbon-rich sediments ("black shales“), with a maximum occurrence during Aptian/Albian and Cenomanian/Turonian times. In order to explain the origin of these black shales, changes in the amount and type of organic matter in relation to changes in paleogeography, paleoceanic circulation, and paleoclimate have been investigated in detail. The study is mainly based on calculation of accumulation rates of marine and terrigenous organic carbon, organic carbon/sedimentation rate relationships, and estimates of paleoproductivity. Because both the amount and type of organic matter in the black shales change markedly with location and age, different mechanisms must have caused the accumulation of these organic-carbon-rich sediments:

(1) Terrigenous organic matter supply was the dominant factor for black shale formation during Hauterivian and Albian times in the Northwest Atlantic.

(2) Increased oceanic productivity was important for black shale deposition in the Northeast Atlantic during Albian times.

(3) Increased preservation of (marine) organic matter in anoxic environments due to extremely reduced deep-water circulation was probably the main cause for the formation of Cenomanian/Turonian black shales, rather than increased supply of organic matter due to higher oceanic productivity.

(4) Locally, rapid burial by turbidites may have been an important mechanism for increased preservation of organic matter.

Project(s):

Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 27.526500 * Median Longitude: -43.701775 * South-bound Latitude: 12.486800 * West-bound Longitude: -75.381700 * North-bound Latitude: 35.495200 * East-bound Longitude: -9.349700

Date/Time Start: 1975-03-03T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1983-05-05T00:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 618.0 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 1132.6 m

Event(s):

41-367 * Latitude: 12.486800 * Longitude: -20.047200 * Date/Time: 1975-03-03T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4748.0 m * Penetration: 1153 m * Recovery: 173.6 m * Location: North Atlantic/BASIN * Campaign: * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 40 cores; 342 m cored; 0 m drilled; 50.8 % recovery

76-534A * Latitude: 28.343300 * Longitude: -75.381700 * Date/Time: 1980-10-21T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4971.0 m * Penetration: 1666.5 m * Recovery: 612.4 m * Location: North Atlantic/BASIN * Campaign: * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 127 cores; 1113.1 m cored; 31.5 m drilled; 55 % recovery

79-547B * Latitude: 33.780700 * Longitude: -9.349700 * Date/Time: 1981-05-03T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3938.0 m * Penetration: 1030 m * Recovery: 153.2 m * Location: North Atlantic/PLATEAU * Campaign: * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 36 cores; 305.5 m cored; 0 m drilled; 50.1 % recovery

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Latitude of event	Latitude
3	Longitude of event	Longitude
4	Elevation of event	Elevation	m
5	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m			Geocode
6	Sample code/label	Sample label		Stein, Ruediger	DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation
7	Epoch	Epoch		Stein, Ruediger
8	Lithology/composition/facies	Lithology		Stein, Ruediger
9	Lithology/composition/facies	Lithology		Stein, Ruediger		continued
10	Carbon, organic, total	TOC	%	Stein, Ruediger	Element analyser CHN, LECO
11	Hydrogen index, mass HC, per unit mass total organic carbon	HI, HC/TOC	mg/g	Stein, Ruediger
12	Maceral	Maceral		Stein, Ruediger
13	Maceral	Maceral		Stein, Ruediger		continued
14	Nonaromatic hydrocarbon fraction	nonaro fraction		Stein, Ruediger
15	Comment	Comment		Stein, Ruediger

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

34 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 Elevation [m]	5 Depth sed [m]	6 Sample label (DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation)	7 Epoch	8 Lithology	9 Lithology (continued)	10 TOC [%] (Element analyser CHN, LECO)	11 HI, HC/TOC [mg/g]	12 Maceral	13 Maceral (continued)	14 nonaro fraction	15 Comment
41-367	12.4868	-20.0472	-4748.0	618.0	41-367-17-2,45-50	Cenomanian/Turonian	Black shale, fissile, hard; disseminated pyrite and fine pyrite laminae; burrows (?), gas-bearing.		15.00	50	More than 75 % amorphous organic matter (probably sapropelinite II); 5 % each of particulate liptinite, huminite/vitrinite and inertinite		Unusually abundant phytane; broad n-alkane distribution with maxima at C17 and C29; abundant steroid and hopanoid hydrocarbons with the unsaturated species dominating; hop-17(21)-ene most abundant single compound.	Lithology after Gardner et al. (1978), maceral slightly deeper (Kendrick et al., 1978). Corg same thin black shale layer, but not identical samples, HI average value for black shales Core 17 and upper section Core 18 (after Herbin et al., 1986)
76-534A	28.3433	-75.3817	-4971.0	832.5	76-534A-34-1,141-150	Albian	Greenish black carbonaceous claystone, common pyrite, silty stringers in background sediment, abundant quartz, smectite + kaolinite in clay minerals (terrigenous); indications for downslope transport (e.g. calciturbidites)		1.70	35	Amorphous humic matter (major portion converted to micrinite), recycled spores; minor phytoclasts, sapropelinite II and vitrinite		Long chain n-alkanes dominant (maximum at n-C29), strong odd-over-even predominance, pristane and phytane minor (pri = phy), significant concentrations of 17beta(H)-hopanes and hopenes	Lithology information after Sheridan et al. (1983)
79-547B	33.7807	-9.3497	-3938.0	772.8	79-547B-6-1,77-84	Albian	Dark greenish clay mudstone with conglomeratic intervals, mudstone indistinctly laminated with flattened burrows containing pyrite, conglomeratic intervals contain highly flattened and streched mudstone/claystone clasts with locally associated slump folds	hemipelagic sedimentation on slope with abundant resedimentation	1.87	244	Large phytoclasts, unicellular algae (minor), spores, sapropelinite II, vitrinite(minor)		Sterenes and steradienes dominant, abundantpristane und phytane (pri < phy),intermediate concentration of n-alkanes(maxima at n-C17 and n-C29), significantconcentrations of diasterenes, 17fl(H)-hopanes and hopenes	Lithology information after Hinz et al. (1984)
93-603B	35.4952	-70.0285	-4633.0	1132.6	95-603B-34-3,68-70	Cenomanian/Turonian	Black carbonaceous claystone, massive, parallel or flat ripple laminated; pyrite laminae, lenses or micro-modules.		14.50	447	About 50 % biodegraded liptinite (sapropelinite II), mostly marine; abundant phyto- and zooplankton; 10 % mixed amorphous humic and liptinite matter (humosapropelinite)	mostly terrigenous; subordinate sporinite (and other terrigenous liptinites), alginite (marine), huminite/vitrinite and inertinite	Abundant isoprenoids (pristane, phytane); moderately abundant n-alkanes, weakly pronounced long-chain components (C27-C35); abundant sterenes, 5 beta(H) steranes and bacterial hopanoids, unsaturated compounds dominate.	Lithology after van Hinte et al. (1987)