Citation:

PANGAEA.549036

Name: (Page 166-168) Surface meteorology at station Kultala, Finland
Published: 2010
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

Lemström, Selim; Biese, Ernest (1898): Exploration Internationale des Régions Polaires 1882-1883 et 1883-1884. Expédition Polaire Finlandaise, Tome I. Météorologie. Observations Faites aux Stations de Sodankylä et de Kultala. Publiée aux frais du Gouvernement Finlandais sous les auspices de la Société des Sciences de Finlande, Helsingfors, 1, 191 pp, hdl:10013/epic.31331.d001

Coverage:

Latitude: 68.506000 * Longitude: 26.677000

Date/Time Start: 1884-01-15T06:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1884-03-17T22:00:00

Event(s):

Kultala (auxiliary station) * Latitude: 68.506000 * Longitude: 26.677000 * Date/Time Start: 1884-01-15T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1884-03-17T00:00:00 * Location: Inari, Finland * Campaign: (International Polar Year 1881-1884) * Method/Device: Observation (OBSE)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time				Geocode
2	Station pressure	PoPoPoPo	hPa	Lemström, Selim	Barometer (BARO)	original data in [mm Hg] calculated to [hPa] by a factor of 1.315789
3	Temperature, air	TTT	°C	Lemström, Selim	Thermometer
4	Vapour tension	e	hPa	Lemström, Selim	Hygrometer (HYGRO)	original data in [mm Hg] calculated to [hPa] by a factor of 1.315789
5	Humidity, relative	RH	%	Lemström, Selim	Hygrometer (HYGRO)
6	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		Lemström, Selim	Anemometer
7	Wind direction	dd	deg	Lemström, Selim	Calculated from wind direction description
8	Wind speed	ff	m/s	Lemström, Selim	Anemometer
9	Cloud cover	Cloud cov	%	Lemström, Selim	Visual observation	original data given in tenth
10	Cloud type	Cloud type		Lemström, Selim	Visual observation
11	Cloud direction description	Cloud dir descr		Lemström, Selim	Visual observation
12	Cloud direction	Cloud dir	deg	Lemström, Selim	Calculated from cloud direction description
13	Hydrometeor	Hydrometeor	code	Lemström, Selim	Visual observation
14	Precipitation, daily total	Precip day total	mm	Lemström, Selim	Rain gauge

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1646 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 PoPoPoPo [hPa]	3 TTT [°C]	4 e [hPa]	5 RH [%]	6 Wind dir descr	7 dd [deg]	8 ff [m/s]	9 Cloud cov [%]	10 Cloud type	11 Cloud dir descr	12 Cloud dir [deg]	13 Hydrometeor [code]	14 Precip day total [mm]
1884-01-15T06:00	969.1	-17.3	1.3	84	SE	135.0		100	N	SE	135.0	107
1884-01-15T14:00	969.6	-17.9	1.2	82	ESE	112.5	2	100	N			107
1884-01-15T22:00	966.8	-17.8	1.2	83	ESE	112.5		90	N			107	2.3
1884-01-16T06:00	966.6	-17.7	1.2	82	SE	135.0		100	N			107
1884-01-16T14:00	969.5	-24.5	0.7	84			0	30	CS
1884-01-16T22:00	975.4	-32.5	0.3	83	E	90.0		0					0.2
1884-01-17T06:00	983.0	-36.3	0.3	80	S	180.0		0
1884-01-17T14:00	988.3	-32.2	0.3	80			0	100	CuS	SW	225.0
1884-01-17T22:00	986.7	-26.4	0.5	83	SW	225.0		90	CuS				0.0
1884-01-18T06:00	984.6	-16.8	1.2	81	W	270.0		100	N
1884-01-18T14:00	977.9	-16.1	1.3	82	NNW	337.5	1	100	N
1884-01-18T22:00	968.8	-13.7	1.7	83	WSW	247.5		100	N				13.3
1884-01-19T06:00	962.2	-8.9	2.8	93	S	180.0		100	N
1884-01-19T14:00	957.4	0.7	5.5	87	W	270.0		100	N	WSW	247.5
1884-01-19T22:00	954.5	0.5	6.3	100				100	N				0.2
1884-01-20T06:00	959.1	-3.3	3.6	75	NNW	337.5		0
1884-01-20T14:00	961.7	-7.4	3.0	89	W	270.0	1	10	CuS	NW	315.0
1884-01-20T22:00	947.4	-4.9	3.9	94				100	N			107	0.0
1884-01-21T06:00	931.4	-2.4	5.0	97	W	270.0		100	N			107
1884-01-21T14:00	938.6	-4.7	3.2	76	WNW	292.5	5	60		N	360.0
1884-01-21T22:00	947.8	-7.9	2.4	73	NW	315.0		0					1.9
1884-01-22T06:00	948.8	-10.3	2.0	74				40
1884-01-22T14:00	936.3	-7.3	3.2	92	ESE	112.5	1	100	N			107
1884-01-22T22:00	928.9	-5.9	3.4	89				100	N				1.0
1884-01-23T06:00	925.4	-5.5	3.8	97	W	270.0		100	CuS
1884-01-23T14:00	927.0	-6.4	3.6	97	WSW	247.5	1	100	N	W	270.0	106
1884-01-23T22:00	930.3	-8.4	3.2	100	SW	225.0		100	N			106	0.0
1884-01-24T06:00	934.6	-7.9	2.8	87				80	Cu	W	270.0
1884-01-24T14:00	938.0	-13.5	1.6	81	SW	225.0	1	60		E	90.0
1884-01-24T22:00	940.9	-23.2	0.8	89				10					0.3
1884-01-25T06:00	943.6	-33.3	0.3	83				0
1884-01-25T14:00	945.0	-37.5	0.1	81			0	0
1884-01-25T22:00	942.2	-27.1	0.5	86				100	N				0.0
1884-01-26T06:00	934.6	-13.3	2.0	92	SE	135.0		100	N			107
1884-01-26T14:00	931.8	-12.5	2.1	93			0	100	N	S	180.0	107
1884-01-26T22:00	936.1	-14.0	1.7	89	SW	225.0		90					2.1
1884-01-27T06:00	944.5	-14.8	1.7	91	W	270.0		20	Cu
1884-01-27T14:00	945.0	-22.9	0.8	90	SW	225.0	1	100	N	SW	225.0
1884-01-27T22:00	944.3	-6.4	3.7	100	S	180.0		100	N				0.0
1884-01-28T06:00	937.8	-5.0	3.9	99	SE	135.0		100	N			107
1884-01-28T14:00	938.9	-0.7	5.3	92	ESE	112.5	1	100	N	S	180.0	107
1884-01-28T22:00	946.1	-1.3	5.1	94	N	360.0		90	CuS				3.5
1884-01-29T06:00	948.9	-1.9	4.9	92				100	N			107
1884-01-29T14:00	952.4	-1.6	5.0	94			0	100	N			107
1884-01-29T22:00	955.8	-3.5	4.1	88				100	N			107	4.3
1884-01-30T06:00	955.0	-3.1	4.6	97	E	90.0		100	N
1884-01-30T14:00	955.8	-2.1	4.9	93	SE	135.0	4	100	N
1884-01-30T22:00	954.5	-2.5	4.7	94	SE	135.0		100	N				0.4
1884-01-31T06:00	952.6	-3.3	4.3	93	SE	135.0		100	N			107
1884-01-31T14:00	953.9	-5.0	3.7	89	SW	225.0	2	100	CuS
1884-01-31T22:00	956.2	-6.1	3.2	85	SW	225.0		100	CuS				1.3
1884-02-01T06:00	958.7	-10.5	2.4	90			0	0
1884-02-01T14:00	961.3	-11.5	2.4	98			0	100	N			102
1884-02-01T22:00	958.9	-7.5	3.0	92	WSW	247.5		100	N				0.0
1884-02-02T06:00	955.5	-7.1	3.0	88	SW	225.0		80	CuS
1884-02-02T14:00	956.1	-11.7	2.0	86	WNW	292.5	1	70	CiS	W	270.0
1884-02-02T22:00	958.3	-20.3	1.1	95			0	0					1.2
1884-02-03T06:00	960.8	-30.7	0.4	83	SE	135.0		0
1884-02-03T14:00	960.1	-32.5	0.4	81			0	0
1884-02-03T22:00	957.9	-23.3	0.8	85			0	90	N			107	0.0
1884-02-04T06:00	953.3	-12.8	1.8	87	ESE	112.5		100	N
1884-02-04T14:00	949.5	-10.4	2.2	85	SE	135.0	2	100	N
1884-02-04T22:00	951.2	-14.9	1.6	80	E	90.0	5	100	N				1.0
1884-02-05T06:00	956.4	-16.7	1.4	94	SW	225.0		100	N			107
1884-02-05T14:00	952.8	-13.4	1.8	87			0	100
1884-02-05T22:00	943.0	-12.2	2.1	93	SSW	202.5	1	100	N				1.0
1884-02-06T06:00	938.7	-9.3	2.8	98				90	N			107
1884-02-06T14:00	944.2	-6.4	3.3	89			0	100	CuS	SW	225.0
1884-02-06T22:00	951.1	-4.3	3.3	77	W	270.0		90	CuS	SW	225.0		1.1
1884-02-07T06:00	952.6	-15.9	1.6	96	SW	225.0		20	CuS
1884-02-07T14:00	954.6	-16.1	1.6	93			0	0
1884-02-07T22:00	952.2	-23.3	0.8	92			0	70	CS			112	0.0
1884-02-08T06:00	953.3	-17.9	1.3	92	SW	225.0		60	CS			102
1884-02-08T14:00	958.3	-11.2	2.4	93	SW	225.0	1	40	CS	NNW	337.5
1884-02-08T22:00	958.2	-11.7	2.1	90	N	360.0		100	CS			112	0.0
1884-02-09T06:00	956.2	-2.2	4.5	86	S	180.0		100
1884-02-09T14:00	956.1	-2.9	3.9	80	NW	315.0		90
1884-02-09T22:00	956.6	-3.7	3.7	80	NNW	337.5		90	N				0.0
1884-02-10T06:00	960.1	-15.6	1.6	97	SSW	202.5		0				102
1884-02-10T14:00	958.6	-1.9	5.3	99	SW	225.0	1	100	N			107
1884-02-10T22:00	956.4	0.3	5.8	94	SW	225.0		100	N			107	0.1
1884-02-11T06:00	955.3	1.3	5.8	87	SSW	202.5		100	N
1884-02-11T14:00	956.2	1.3	5.3	80	W	270.0	2	100	N	SSW	202.5
1884-02-11T22:00	956.6	0.5	5.7	90	SW	225.0	1	100	N				0.3
1884-02-12T06:00	959.5	-0.2	5.1	86	WSW	247.5		90	CuS	SW	225.0
1884-02-12T14:00	967.5	-3.1	4.2	89	W	270.0	1	60	CuS	WSW	247.5
1884-02-12T22:00	976.8	-15.5	1.6	90			0	0					0.0
1884-02-13T06:00	985.1	-12.7	2.1	97	E	90.0		100				ko
1884-02-13T14:00	990.0	-14.2	2.0	100			0	100	CuS			105
1884-02-13T22:00	991.1	-0.9	5.1	90	W	270.0		100					0.0
1884-02-14T06:00	995.3	-0.5	5.7	96	W	270.0		100	N
1884-02-14T14:00	996.4	-0.8	5.3	92	WSW	247.5	4	100	N
1884-02-14T22:00	995.1	-0.7	5.1	87	NW	315.0		100	N				0.0
1884-02-15T06:00	995.3	-1.7	5.3	98				100	CuS	SW	225.0
1884-02-15T14:00	995.1	-2.4	4.5	88	SW	225.0		100	N
1884-02-15T22:00	991.2	-2.9	4.5	92	WSW	247.5		50	CuS				0.0
1884-02-16T06:00	990.9	1.9	6.2	90	WSW	247.5		100	N	WNW	292.5	106
1884-02-16T14:00	992.0	1.5	4.7	70	SE	135.0		70	CuS	WNW	292.5
1884-02-16T22:00	991.8	-1.3	4.5	81	W	270.0		100	N				0.0
1884-02-17T06:00	990.1	-4.1	3.9	89				10	CuS
1884-02-17T14:00	991.1	0.3	4.9	78	SW	225.0	2	60	CuS	NW	315.0
1884-02-17T22:00	990.9	-1.8	4.5	85	SW	225.0		100	CuS				0.0
1884-02-18T06:00	988.8	-1.5	4.7	88	SW	225.0	1	100	CuS
1884-02-18T14:00	987.2	1.3	6.3	94	SW	225.0	1	70		W	270.0
1884-02-18T22:00	984.3	-1.0	5.5	97	S	180.0		100					0.0
1884-02-19T06:00	978.7	-1.7	5.0	94	WNW	292.5	2	10				107
1884-02-19T14:00	976.7	0.1	5.4	89	SW	225.0	2	100	CuS
1884-02-19T22:00	976.3	-2.5	4.7	96	NW	315.0		100	N				0.9
1884-02-20T06:00	974.3	-5.3	3.9	97	SSW	202.5		100	N			107
1884-02-20T14:00	972.9	-2.3	4.9	96	ESE	112.5	1	100	N			107
1884-02-20T22:00	972.8	-7.6	3.3	98	S	180.0		100	N				1.7
1884-02-21T06:00	973.0	-8.3	2.9	93	ESE	112.5		100	N			107
1884-02-21T14:00	976.3	-10.8	2.4	92	SW	225.0	2	30	CuS	W	270.0
1884-02-21T22:00	979.2	-16.3	1.4	88	SSW	202.5		100	CuS				0.9
1884-02-22T06:00	975.4	-7.9	2.9	90	WSW	247.5		100	CuS
1884-02-22T14:00	976.8	-7.1	2.9	85			0	70	C	W	270.0
1884-02-22T22:00	977.4	-11.7	2.4	98	SSE	157.5		100	N				0.6
1884-02-23T06:00	974.1	-9.7	2.5	90	SW	225.0	2	100	CuS			107
1884-02-23T14:00	974.9	-10.3	2.1	80	ESE	112.5	4	90	CuS	E	90.0
1884-02-23T22:00	975.8	-12.7	2.1	95	SE	135.0		100	N				0.3
1884-02-24T06:00	974.7	-10.5	2.2	87			0	100	N
1884-02-24T14:00	974.2	-11.2	2.0	77	E	90.0	1	90	CuS	W	270.0
1884-02-24T22:00	973.7	-15.3	1.6	92			0	100	N				0.1
1884-02-25T06:00	972.0	-15.9	1.6	91	SE	135.0		100	CuS			102
1884-02-25T14:00	973.7	-13.9	1.7	86			0	100	N	S	180.0	107
1884-02-25T22:00	976.2	-24.4	0.7	84				0					0.0
1884-02-26T06:00	976.3	-22.1	0.9	90				100	Cu
1884-02-26T14:00	976.3	-18.5	1.2	84	W	270.0	8	90
1884-02-26T22:00	975.1	-16.5	1.3	85				100	Cu				0.0
1884-02-27T06:00	971.1	-13.5	1.7	83	NW	315.0	6	100	Cu	W	270.0
1884-02-27T14:00	973.7	-8.8	2.5	81	SW	225.0		30	C	W	270.0
1884-02-27T22:00	977.5	-16.8	1.4	90				0					0.0
1884-02-28T06:00	976.8	-3.5	3.8	82				100	N
1884-02-28T14:00	980.5	-0.4	4.5	75	SSW	202.5	1	100	CuS
1884-02-28T22:00	982.0	-9.7	2.5	89	SW	225.0		0					0.0
1884-02-29T06:00	984.3	-15.8	1.6	92				70	CuS	W	270.0
1884-02-29T14:00	985.9	-4.1	3.6	79			0	30	CS
1884-02-29T22:00	986.7	-14.1	1.8	92	S	180.0		90	CuS				0.0
1884-03-01T06:00	987.8	-12.5	2.2	100			0	100				105
1884-03-01T14:00	988.3	-9.5	2.6	90	SW	225.0	6	90	CuS
1884-03-01T22:00	995.1	-10.5	2.6	99	W	270.0		100	CuS				0.0
1884-03-02T06:00	988.9	-14.7	1.6	86	SW	225.0		0
1884-03-02T14:00	991.1	-4.7	3.2	77	SW	225.0	2	10
1884-03-02T22:00	994.3	-17.1	1.4	93	SW	225.0		0					0.0
1884-03-03T06:00	994.9	-24.3	0.8	90	S	180.0	1	0
1884-03-03T14:00	996.7	-12.3	1.7	76	SSE	157.5		0
1884-03-03T22:00	995.9	-5.1	3.8	96	SSW	202.5		100					0.0
1884-03-04T06:00	993.3	-7.1	3.3	94	SW	225.0	4	100	CuS
1884-03-04T14:00	990.9	-6.3	3.0	81	S	180.0	8	100	CuS	SW	225.0
1884-03-04T22:00	989.1	-4.2	3.6	82	SSW	202.5	8	100	CuS	WSW	247.5		0.0
1884-03-05T06:00	986.4	-2.9	3.9	81	SW	225.0	1	100	N
1884-03-05T14:00	985.5	-2.1	4.1	78	SSE	157.5	4	100	CuS	S	180.0
1884-03-05T22:00	982.4	-3.1	3.9	82	SW	225.0		100	CuS				0.0
1884-03-06T06:00	979.2	-3.7	3.8	85	SW	225.0	10	100
1884-03-06T14:00	978.6	-2.1	4.5	85	SSW	202.5	1	100
1884-03-06T22:00	976.2	-3.7	4.1	90	WSW	247.5	2	100	N			107	0.0
1884-03-07T06:00	977.1	-7.1	3.0	90	SSE	157.5	2	70		W	270.0
1884-03-07T14:00	979.3	2.1	4.6	66	SW	225.0	2	10		NW	315.0
1884-03-07T22:00	982.2	-9.1	3.0	99	SW	225.0	2	80					0.0
1884-03-08T06:00	983.4	-11.9	2.2	94			0	40	C	NNW	337.5
1884-03-08T14:00	986.1	-1.1	4.7	83	SE	135.0	1	100	N			107
1884-03-08T22:00	986.7	-2.9	4.9	99			0	100	CuS	SSE	157.5		0.0
1884-03-09T06:00	986.1	-3.2	4.3	92			0	100	N
1884-03-09T14:00	985.9	-2.7	3.9	81	WSW	247.5	4	100	CuS	SW	225.0
1884-03-09T22:00	986.2	-5.3	3.9	99	W	270.0	6	100	N				0.0
1884-03-10T06:00	986.8	-7.7	3.2	97	SW	225.0	6	100	CuS
1884-03-10T14:00	988.0	-5.1	3.0	73	SW	225.0	10	10
1884-03-10T22:00	988.8	-21.1	1.1	93				0				102	0.0
1884-03-11T06:00	989.5	-22.7	0.9	100			0	100
1884-03-11T14:00	988.3	-11.7	1.8	77	SSE	157.5	6	10		S	180.0	105
1884-03-11T22:00	984.1	-13.1	1.8	87	NW	315.0	2	90	CuS	SW	225.0		0.0
1884-03-12T06:00	977.6	-10.7	2.1	81	W	270.0	2	100	CuS	SW	225.0
1884-03-12T14:00	976.2	-7.5	2.8	83	SW	225.0	8	100	N	SW	225.0	107
1884-03-12T22:00	969.6	-9.4	2.6	92	E	90.0		100	N			107	1.2
1884-03-13T06:00	961.1	-9.3	2.9	100			0	100
1884-03-13T14:00	967.0	-6.2	2.8	73	WSW	247.5	6	40	SW
1884-03-13T22:00	975.9	-16.7	1.4	97			0	20					3.4
1884-03-14T06:00	980.5	-23.4	0.8	87			0	0
1884-03-14T14:00	982.8	-3.9	2.9	66			0	0
1884-03-14T22:00	982.6	-20.9	1.1	93			0	0					0.0
1884-03-15T06:00	975.7	-5.4	3.7	94			0	100	N			107
1884-03-15T14:00	971.6	-0.4	5.5	93			0	100	N	W	270.0
1884-03-15T22:00	968.2	-0.3	5.5	94				100	N			107	0.8
1884-03-16T06:00	963.9	-0.7	5.7	97				100	N			107
1884-03-16T14:00	963.4	2.5	5.9	80	SSW	202.5	2	70	CS	SW	225.0
1884-03-16T22:00	966.1	1.2	6.3	96				100	N			106	3.3
1884-03-17T06:00	967.6	5.0	8.3	97	SW	225.0	1	100	N	W	270.0
1884-03-17T14:00	971.4	3.1	5.5	73	W	270.0	2	100	N	NW	315.0
1884-03-17T22:00	975.8	-0.7	5.1	90				100	N				0.2