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Helmers, Eckard; Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M (1993): Lead and aluminum in Atlantic surface water measured along the track of POLARSTERN cruise ANT-VIII/7 and ANT-IX/1 (Tables 2, 3) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.54265, Supplement to: Helmers, E; Rutgers van der Loeff, MM (1993): Lead and aluminum in Atlantic surface water (50°N to 50°S) reflecting anthropogenic and natural sources in the eolian transport. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 98(C11), 20261-20273, https://doi.org/10.1029/93JC01623

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Abstract:
Lead and aluminum were measured with a 40–100 km resolution in surface water on two transects across the Atlantic Ocean, one in May 1990 from Cape Town to the North Sea, the other in November 1990 from the North Sea to the Strait of Magellan. Samples were drawn 14 m below surface at normal speed from a 2-m-long snorkel system mounted on the bottom of the ship directly into a clean-room area. In the tropics, both Pb and Al show maximum oncentrations in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) correlated with each other and with minimum salinities, indicating wet deposition as their common source. Even in this area characterized by large inputs of mineral aerosols, the Pb/Al ratio shows that the major source of soluble lead (>95%) is anthropogenic. At higher latitudes, Al is low throughout (10–20 nmol/kg), whereas enhanced Pb values show the anthropogenic inputs off south Africa, northern Argentina and especially western Europe. Very low Pb and especially Al concentrations in the upwelling areas associated with the Canary and Benguela currents show that the enhanced biogenic particle fluxes cause an efficient scavenging of both lithogenic particles known to arrive here by dry deposition, and of the adhering reactive trace metals.
Keyword(s):
Barcelona Coast; Guadiana Estuary; Pertuis Charentais
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 1.442436 * Median Longitude: -23.680120 * South-bound Latitude: -50.698333 * West-bound Longitude: -65.258333 * North-bound Latitude: 48.406667 * East-bound Longitude: 13.520000
Date/Time Start: 1990-05-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1990-11-13T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 12 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 12 m
Event(s):
ANT-IX/1_100  * Latitude: 44.563333 * Longitude: -14.288333 * Date/Time: 1990-10-23T00:00:00 * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: ANT-IX/1 (PS18) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Snorkel with pump (SNORKEL)
ANT-IX/1_101  * Latitude: 43.551667 * Longitude: -15.428333 * Date/Time: 1990-10-23T00:00:00 * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: ANT-IX/1 (PS18) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Snorkel with pump (SNORKEL)
ANT-IX/1_102  * Latitude: 42.905000 * Longitude: -16.123333 * Date/Time: 1990-10-23T00:00:00 * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: ANT-IX/1 (PS18) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Snorkel with pump (SNORKEL)
Size:
886 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Event

Latitude

Longitude

Date/Time

Depth water [m]

Sal

Pb [pmol/l]

Pb std dev [±]

Al [µmol/l]
ANT-IX/1_100 44.5633-14.28831990-10-231235.94112.75025.930.0053
ANT-IX/1_101 43.5517-15.42831990-10-231235.9467.6500.510.0058
ANT-IX/1_102 42.9050-16.12331990-10-231235.99150.6751.640.0056
ANT-IX/1_103 40.8533-18.29331990-10-241236.05123.0001.130.0057
ANT-IX/1_104 40.2833-18.91831990-10-241236.12104.55020.300.0036
ANT-IX/1_105 38.8883-20.30331990-10-241236.0788.1507.480.0038
ANT-IX/1_106 37.7617-21.31671990-10-251236.33121.97519.170.0070
ANT-IX/1_107 36.3467-21.91501990-10-251236.5085.0754.610.0078
ANT-IX/1_108 34.9833-22.48001990-10-251236.2173.8000.200.0078
ANT-IX/1_109 34.3067-22.76331990-10-251236.4376.8751.020.0120
ANT-IX/1_110 33.7800-22.97831990-10-251236.6566.6251.020.0117
ANT-IX/1_111 33.1133-23.24831990-10-261237.0083.0250.820.0140
ANT-IX/1_112 31.6583-23.85501990-10-261236.8876.8755.120.0128
ANT-IX/1_113 30.2450-24.40171990-10-261237.0167.6500.820.0140
ANT-IX/1_114 29.5917-24.66331990-10-261237.1477.9000.610.0155
ANT-IX/1_115 28.9767-24.90331990-10-261237.1582.0000.100.0147
ANT-IX/1_116 28.2150-25.20331990-10-261237.3573.8001.130.0170
ANT-IX/1_117 27.5283-25.46671990-10-271237.4067.6507.070.0155
ANT-IX/1_118 26.1783-25.84831990-10-271237.5262.5251.440.0227
ANT-IX/1_119 25.5933-26.20331990-10-271237.5058.4251.440.0209
ANT-IX/1_120 24.8833-26.48001990-10-271237.3948.1750.100.0190
ANT-IX/1_121 24.1667-26.74171990-10-271237.3937.9252.870.0192
ANT-IX/1_122 23.4167-27.01001990-10-271237.3941.0000.920.0176
ANT-IX/1_123 22.8200-27.24831990-10-271237.5139.9750.610.0230
ANT-IX/1_124 22.1417-27.49331990-10-281237.4636.9000.610.0238
ANT-IX/1_125 20.8733-27.95831990-10-281236.9422.5500.510.0145
ANT-IX/1_126 20.1417-28.07171990-10-281236.8619.4750.410.0176
ANT-IX/1_127 19.5850-28.31171990-10-281236.9120.5000.310.0166
ANT-IX/1_128 18.9433-28.58831990-10-281236.8219.4751.640.0299
ANT-IX/1_129 18.4100-28.83001990-10-281236.5418.4500.200.0316
ANT-IX/1_130 17.7367-28.99001990-10-291236.5319.4750.820.0326
ANT-IX/1_131 16.5117-28.93171990-10-291236.3018.4501.950.0343
ANT-IX/1_132 15.8567-28.92171990-10-291236.3121.5250.100.0345
ANT-IX/1_133 15.1917-28.89501990-10-291236.2621.5250.100.0348
ANT-IX/1_134 14.4883-28.87001990-10-291236.2726.6500.510.0330
ANT-IX/1_135 13.9267-28.85171990-10-291236.2317.4250.100.0327
ANT-IX/1_136 13.3917-28.83501990-10-291236.2222.5500.820.0329
ANT-IX/1_137 12.7417-28.80831990-10-301236.2226.6500.720.0350
ANT-IX/1_138 11.4850-28.74831990-10-301235.8728.7000.920.0313
ANT-IX/1_139 10.8617-28.74331990-10-301235.7931.7750.200.0371
ANT-IX/1_140 10.1833-28.71171990-10-301235.6538.9500.610.0446
ANT-IX/1_141 9.4617-28.68501990-10-301235.5043.0502.970.0810
ANT-IX/1_142 9.0933-28.67331990-10-301235.1346.1254.610.0678
ANT-IX/1_143 8.7717-28.66001990-10-301234.5346.1254.610.0596
ANT-IX/1_144 8.3483-28.62671990-10-301234.1842.0251.230.0677
ANT-IX/1_145 7.8150-28.59831990-10-301234.5836.9000.100.0558
ANT-IX/1_146 7.3067-28.60331990-10-311234.6730.7500.100.0524
ANT-IX/1_147 6.5067-28.58671990-10-311235.1626.6500.100.0422
ANT-IX/1_148 6.1700-28.55501990-10-311235.4623.5752.150.0395
ANT-IX/1_149 5.8033-28.54001990-10-311235.5130.7501.440.0316
ANT-IX/1_150 5.5067-28.54001990-10-311235.1532.8000.720.0322
ANT-IX/1_151 5.2433-28.53831990-10-311235.3729.7250.920.0351
ANT-IX/1_152 4.8300-28.52171990-10-311235.4235.8753.690.0355
ANT-IX/1_153 4.4633-28.50831990-10-311235.2334.8501.020.0366
ANT-IX/1_154 4.0283-28.46171990-10-311235.3231.7751.740.0336
ANT-IX/1_155 3.4233-28.51171990-10-311235.3531.7750.920.0351
ANT-IX/1_156 2.5167-28.45671990-11-011235.6528.7000.200.0307
ANT-IX/1_157 1.6733-28.42831990-11-011235.9528.7001.840.0322
ANT-IX/1_158 1.2600-28.41501990-11-011236.0120.5000.720.0275
ANT-IX/1_159 0.7050-28.38831990-11-011236.0825.6250.410.0249
ANT-IX/1_160 -0.1417-28.36831990-11-011236.1821.5250.100.0217
ANT-IX/1_161 -1.1633-28.33671990-11-011236.2118.4500.610.0214
ANT-IX/1_162 -1.6333-28.31671990-11-011236.2320.5000.310.0362
ANT-IX/1_163 -2.2683-28.32171990-11-011236.3418.4500.100.0176
ANT-IX/1_164 -2.6050-28.49001990-11-021236.2423.5752.560.0124
ANT-IX/1_165 -4.5017-29.00001990-11-021236.2418.4500.200.0123
ANT-IX/1_166 -5.3133-29.34171990-11-021236.2720.5000.100.0121
ANT-IX/1_167 -5.8433-29.56331990-11-021236.2519.4750.200.0118
ANT-IX/1_168 -6.4083-29.80501990-11-021236.1419.4750.310.0098
ANT-IX/1_169 -7.0850-30.08831990-11-021236.1616.4000.100.0100
ANT-IX/1_170 -7.6700-30.33331990-11-021236.4014.3500.310.0114
ANT-IX/1_171 -8.2933-30.60331990-11-031236.5316.4000.100.0175
ANT-IX/1_172 -9.4467-31.07671990-11-031236.5218.4500.200.0160
ANT-IX/1_173 -10.0217-31.34331990-11-031236.6318.4500.100.0166
ANT-IX/1_174 -10.5217-31.56331990-11-031236.7117.4250.200.0158
ANT-IX/1_175 -11.3067-31.89001990-11-031236.7316.4000.310.0166
ANT-IX/1_176 -12.8150-32.53671990-11-031236.7919.4750.610.0154
ANT-IX/1_177 -14.4150-33.20671990-11-041236.8119.4750.820.0176
ANT-IX/1_178 -14.8800-33.42671990-11-041236.8820.5001.640.0145
ANT-IX/1_179 -15.5817-33.73671990-11-041237.1516.4000.610.0151
ANT-IX/1_180 -16.1417-33.98171990-11-041237.2317.4250.410.0127
ANT-IX/1_181 -16.7617-34.21171990-11-041237.3512.3000.200.0122
ANT-IX/1_182 -17.3550-34.43671990-11-051237.3214.3500.310.0121
ANT-IX/1_183 -18.5233-34.84001990-11-051237.3614.3500.410.0084
ANT-IX/1_184 -19.1500-35.08331990-11-051237.3517.4250.100.0093
ANT-IX/1_185 -19.8667-35.34831990-11-051237.2615.3750.510.0077
ANT-IX/1_186 -20.5283-35.58331990-11-051237.2417.4250.100.0133
ANT-IX/1_187 -21.8167-36.26831990-11-051237.1219.4750.820.0091
ANT-IX/1_188 -22.3950-36.60001990-11-061237.1017.4250.310.0134
ANT-IX/1_189 -23.7633-37.37331990-11-061236.9124.6000.310.0103
ANT-IX/1_190 -24.2267-37.70671990-11-061236.7432.8000.510.0091
ANT-IX/1_191 -24.8750-38.27831990-11-061236.7629.7251.540.0068
ANT-IX/1_192 -25.5450-38.87831990-11-061236.5527.6750.720.0065
ANT-IX/1_193 -26.2433-39.51331990-11-061236.5230.7501.020.0054
ANT-IX/1_194 -27.7567-40.80171990-11-071236.5123.5750.200.0071
ANT-IX/1_195 -28.0133-41.07831990-11-071236.5631.7750.720.0088
ANT-IX/1_196 -28.4383-41.52001990-11-071236.6626.6501.950.0099
ANT-IX/1_197 -28.9350-41.97001990-11-071236.5429.7251.540.0082
ANT-IX/1_198 -29.4333-42.41831990-11-071236.4528.7001.540.0100
ANT-IX/1_199 -29.9383-42.90501990-11-081236.4735.8750.720.0093
ANT-IX/1_200 -31.0617-43.95331990-11-081236.0642.0250.820.0063
ANT-IX/1_201 -31.5550-44.43001990-11-081235.9745.1000.310.0161
ANT-IX/1_202 -32.1317-44.97831990-11-081235.8637.9251.230.0122
ANT-IX/1_203 -32.6667-45.49001990-11-081236.1538.9501.950.0107
ANT-IX/1_204 -33.0867-45.89501990-11-081235.9432.8002.150.0054
ANT-IX/1_205 -33.5900-46.38171990-11-081236.3828.7000.510.0082
ANT-IX/1_206 -34.1300-46.91001990-11-091235.9833.8252.460.0055
ANT-IX/1_207 -34.9017-47.58501990-11-091235.9553.3000.720.0058
ANT-IX/1_208 -35.4217-48.17171990-11-091235.8559.4504.510.0078
ANT-IX/1_209 -35.9233-48.68671990-11-091235.84120.95018.140.0075
ANT-IX/1_210 -36.4883-49.24501990-11-091235.0018.4500.200.0033
ANT-IX/1_211 -36.9417-49.66501990-11-091234.3216.4000.920.0031
ANT-IX/1_212 -37.3167-50.09331990-11-091234.0911.2750.310.0031
ANT-IX/1_213 -37.9250-50.71001990-11-101235.0925.6250.100.0059
ANT-IX/1_214 -38.5717-51.37171990-11-101234.4729.7251.230.0123
ANT-IX/1_215 -38.8950-51.70331990-11-101233.9030.7501.740.0076
ANT-IX/1_216 -39.6283-52.47671990-11-101235.7832.8001.020.0095
ANT-IX/1_217 -40.0983-52.97501990-11-101233.7316.4000.410.0066
ANT-IX/1_218 -40.3400-53.19001990-11-101234.1013.3250.200.0014
ANT-IX/1_219 -40.6367-53.54171990-11-101234.37110.70010.870.0013
ANT-IX/1_220 -40.9150-53.84501990-11-101234.4218.4502.050.0009
ANT-IX/1_221 -41.1167-54.00671990-11-101234.4421.5251.330.0011
ANT-IX/1_222 -41.9000-54.60001990-11-111234.4820.5002.460.0041
ANT-IX/1_223 -42.6100-55.69001990-11-111234.9316.4002.560.0050
ANT-IX/1_224 -43.0900-56.10001990-11-111234.1012.3001.440.0035
ANT-IX/1_225 -43.5383-56.72171990-11-111234.1432.8000.31
ANT-IX/1_226 -47.8483-61.72501990-11-121233.685.2280.080.0022
ANT-IX/1_227 -49.2950-63.48671990-11-121233.584.8170.030.0058
ANT-IX/1_228 -50.6983-65.25831990-11-131233.404.7150.050.0234
ANT-VIII/7_1 -25.66679.62501990-05-031224.6001.020.0012
ANT-VIII/7_10 -12.69831.77331990-05-061236.607.9950.660.0117
ANT-VIII/7_11 -11.19170.83501990-05-061236.7013.3250.200.0115
ANT-VIII/7_12 -10.37000.31671990-05-071236.6612.3000.610.0123
ANT-VIII/7_13 -8.7917-0.65501990-05-071236.6110.2500.510.0134
ANT-VIII/7_14 -7.9217-1.19331990-05-071236.469.4301.360.0382
ANT-VIII/7_15 -6.4583-2.36501990-05-071235.7913.3250.820.0404
ANT-VIII/7_16 -5.7750-3.03001990-05-081235.3314.3500.820.0303
ANT-VIII/7_17 -4.2833-4.47001990-05-081235.3617.4251.130.0281
ANT-VIII/7_18 -3.6733-5.05831990-05-081235.3817.4250.920.0302
ANT-VIII/7_19 -2.2750-6.40171990-05-081235.4323.5750.510.0399
ANT-VIII/7_2 -22.44007.67671990-05-041235.7520.5000.610.0013
ANT-VIII/7_20 -1.5300-7.12171990-05-091235.4331.7759.530.0418
ANT-VIII/7_21 0.0750-8.75001990-05-091235.4837.9251.950.0383
ANT-VIII/7_22 1.2467-10.32171990-05-091235.7324.6001.330.0417
ANT-VIII/7_23 2.1567-11.51171990-05-101235.5726.6500.920.0629
ANT-VIII/7_24 3.2217-12.95001990-05-101235.0963.5507.280.0685
ANT-VIII/7_25 3.7133-13.56171990-05-101234.9053.3004.920.0705
ANT-VIII/7_26 4.7117-14.82331990-05-101234.8423.5755.640.0752
ANT-VIII/7_27 5.3183-15.57171990-05-111235.0115.3750.410.0608
ANT-VIII/7_28 6.7700-17.15501990-05-111235.4218.4500.610.0365
ANT-VIII/7_29 8.0600-18.21171990-05-111235.9525.6250.820.0372
ANT-VIII/7_3 -21.68837.22831990-05-041235.4211.2750.100.0023
ANT-VIII/7_30 9.0900-19.03671990-05-121236.0623.5750.610.0234
ANT-VIII/7_31 10.7883-19.77001990-05-121235.9513.3250.510.0135
ANT-VIII/7_32 11.8883-20.14831990-05-121235.8812.3001.640.0106
ANT-VIII/7_33 13.8967-20.67001990-05-131235.9110.0450.760.0101
ANT-VIII/7_34 16.1567-20.66671990-05-131236.0715.3750.200.0049
ANT-VIII/7_35 17.3600-20.66671990-05-131236.026.8670.700.0078
ANT-VIII/7_36 19.3600-20.66831990-05-141236.2712.3001.230.0053
ANT-VIII/7_37 21.3850-20.15671990-05-141236.239.3280.360.0176
ANT-VIII/7_38 22.0033-19.92001990-05-141236.6424.6001.950.0111
ANT-VIII/7_39 23.9617-19.19331990-05-151236.4723.5757.070.0095
ANT-VIII/7_4 -20.10006.29501990-05-041235.4312.3001.740.0019
ANT-VIII/7_40 26.1217-18.36331990-05-151236.7639.9750.200.0132
ANT-VIII/7_41 27.2567-17.92331990-05-151236.8871.7503.790.0123
ANT-VIII/7_42 27.6283-17.77501990-05-151236.7567.6505.540.0109
ANT-VIII/7_43 27.9600-17.64331990-05-151236.7564.5756.760.0169
ANT-VIII/7_44 28.6333-17.38831990-05-151236.8777.9001.640.0146
ANT-VIII/7_45 29.1733-17.18001990-05-161236.8179.9509.530.0166
ANT-VIII/7_46 31.4183-16.27001990-05-161236.8485.07510.760.0137
ANT-VIII/7_47 32.6067-15.79001990-05-161236.68101.4751.950.0152
ANT-VIII/7_48 34.6500-14.93831990-05-171236.5785.0757.890.0095
ANT-VIII/7_49 36.9850-13.89331990-05-171236.46113.7757.170.0058
ANT-VIII/7_5 -19.33505.84671990-05-051235.787.4820.480.0018
ANT-VIII/7_50 38.9133-13.12671990-05-181236.19113.77515.380.0081
ANT-VIII/7_51 41.2150-12.09171990-05-181236.10120.9503.900.0054
ANT-VIII/7_52 42.2067-11.27001990-05-181236.04121.97512.400.0076
ANT-VIII/7_53 43.8317-9.77171990-05-191235.92118.90017.840.0099
ANT-VIII/7_54 45.1533-8.54331990-05-191235.75128.12513.020.0096
ANT-VIII/7_55 46.1850-7.57001990-05-191235.76187.57528.910.0109
ANT-VIII/7_56 47.2300-6.52671990-05-191235.62102.50020.500.0100
ANT-VIII/7_57 47.3267-6.44171990-05-191235.69183.47512.510.0065
ANT-VIII/7_58 47.6217-6.17001990-05-191235.60113.77514.040.0073
ANT-VIII/7_59 48.4067-5.41831990-05-201235.3985.0752.770.0181
ANT-VIII/7_6 -17.27334.65331990-05-051235.7010.1480.170.0017
ANT-VIII/7_60 -32.195013.52001990-05-021235.4229.7251.130.0115
ANT-VIII/7_61 -29.941712.28671990-05-021235.6322.5503.380.0033
ANT-VIII/7_62 -27.308310.64331990-05-031235.3416.4003.280.0018
ANT-VIII/7_63 -25.66679.62501990-05-031235.5618.4501.540.0013
ANT-VIII/7_64 -23.22678.14001990-05-041235.5216.4000.200.0014
ANT-VIII/7_65 -20.77506.68831990-05-041235.727.0720.190.0019
ANT-VIII/7_66 -18.39175.29671990-05-051235.9815.3750.100.0025
ANT-VIII/7_67 -15.84833.73671990-05-051236.189.3281.720.0029
ANT-VIII/7_68 -13.46332.25331990-05-061236.7213.3250.510.0072
ANT-VIII/7_69 -11.72000.15501990-05-061236.539.5330.670.0123
ANT-VIII/7_7 -16.86834.39831990-05-051235.968.5080.020.0035
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ANT-VIII/7_71 -6.8833-1.96501990-05-071235.248.9180.520.0601
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ANT-VIII/7_75 2.6300-12.17331990-05-101234.9752.27513.940.0665
ANT-VIII/7_76 4.4333-14.46171990-05-101234.4121.5251.950.0751
ANT-VIII/7_77 5.9867-16.28001990-05-111235.8534.8502.770.0505
ANT-VIII/7_78 7.7650-17.97671990-05-111235.8922.5500.510.0547
ANT-VIII/7_79 9.7883-19.43831990-05-121235.8113.3250.410.0106
ANT-VIII/7_8 -15.25333.37001990-05-051236.0211.2751.540.0047
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ANT-VIII/7_82 18.3433-20.66671990-05-131236.126.2530.460.0052
ANT-VIII/7_83 20.6150-20.44331990-05-141236.6229.7251.020.0090
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ANT-VIII/7_85 25.1392-18.73671990-05-151236.6843.0502.770.0080
ANT-VIII/7_86 28.2533-17.52001990-05-151236.8372.7754.610.0149
ANT-VIII/7_87 30.3433-16.70171990-05-161236.7289.1750.310.0134
ANT-VIII/7_88 33.5900-15.36001990-05-161236.5293.2752.970.0078
ANT-VIII/7_89 35.9817-14.23331990-05-171236.22125.0508.920.0054
ANT-VIII/7_9 -14.40002.83331990-05-061236.567.1750.280.0050
ANT-VIII/7_90 38.0750-13.46001990-05-171236.21123.00014.760.0093
ANT-VIII/7_91 39.9683-12.66501990-05-181236.18131.2001.740.0117
ANT-VIII/7_92 43.2600-10.28831990-05-181235.75157.85023.370.0131
ANT-VIII/7_93 44.7500-8.92001990-05-191235.79147.60014.660.0093