Citation:

epic.28250.d001

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Abstract:

The CRP-2/2A core, drilled in western McMurdo Sound in October and November 1998, penetrated 624 m of Quaternary. Pliocene, lower Miocene, and Oligocene glacigenic sediments. The palaeoclimatic record of CRP-2/2A is examined using major element analyses of bulk core samples of fine grained sediments (mudstones and siltstones) and the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) of Nesbitt & Young (1982). The CIA is calculated from the relative abundances of AI, K, Ca, and Na oxides, and its magnitude increases as the effects of chemical weathering increase. However, changes in sediment provenance can also affect the CIA, and provenance changes are recorded by shifts in the Al2O3/TiO2 ratios and the Nb contents of these CRP-2/2A mudstones. Relatively low CIA values (40-50) occur throughout the CRP-2/2A sequence, whereas the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio decreases upsection. The major provenance change is an abrupt onset of McMurdo Volcanic Group detritus at ~300 mbsf and is best characterized by a rapid increase in Nb content in the sediments. This provenance shift is not evident in the CIA record, suggesting that a contribution from the Ferrar Dolerite to the older sediments was replaced by an input of McMurdo Volcanic Group material in the younger sediments. If this is true, then the relatively uniform CIA values indicate relatively consistent palaeoweathering intensities throughout the Oligocene and early Miocene in the areas that supplied sediment to CRP-2/2A.

Project(s):

Cape Roberts Project (CRP)

Coverage:

Latitude: -77.005980 * Longitude: 163.719450

Date/Time Start: 1998-10-16T07:30:00 * Date/Time End: 1998-11-25T14:20:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 17.33 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 623.84 m

Event(s):

CRP-2A (14.2 km at 096° true from Cape Roberts) * Latitude: -77.005980 * Longitude: 163.719450 * Date/Time Start: 1998-10-16T07:30:00 * Date/Time End: 1998-11-25T14:20:00 * Elevation: -177.9 m * Recovery: 624 m * Location: off Cape Roberts, Ross Sea, Antarctica * Campaign: * Basis: Sampling/drilling from ice * Method/Device: Core wireline system (CWS) * Comment: 921 m at 284° from CRP-1. Sea-ice thickness: 2.0 m (1 Oct) to 2.2 m (23 Nov). Sea riser embedded to 13.03 mbsf. Lateral ice movement: 9.87 m to east from 17 Oct to 23 Nov. HQ core to 199.31 mbsf. NQ core to 624.15 mbsf. 13.03 to 45.97 mbsf, 11.29 m (34%) partially following CRP-2. 45.07 to 624.15 mbsf, 548.67 m (95%) new hole. Deepest core-lithology: hard sandy siltstone. Deepest core-age: earliest Oligocene (ca. 33 Ma on diatoms, nannofossils and dinoflagellates)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m			Geocode
2	Silicon dioxide	SiO2	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
3	Titanium dioxide	TiO2	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
4	Aluminium oxide	Al2O3	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
5	Iron oxide, Fe2O3	Fe2O3	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
6	Manganese oxide	MnO	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
7	Magnesium oxide	MgO	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
8	Calcium oxide	CaO	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
9	Sodium oxide	Na2O	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
10	Potassium oxide	K2O	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
11	Phosphorus oxide	P2O5	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
12	Loss on ignition	LOI	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	Calculated from weight loss after ignition at 450 °C
13	Sum	Sum	%	Krissek, Lawrence A	Calculated
14	Chemical index of alteration	CIA		Krissek, Lawrence A	see comment	(Al2O3/(Al2O3+CaO+Na2O+K2O)) x 100
15	Aluminium/Titanium ratio	Al/Ti		Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
16	Sulfur, total	TS	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
17	Chloride	Cl-	mmol/l	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
18	Scandium	Sc	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
19	Vanadium	V	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
20	Chromium	Cr	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
21	Nickel	Ni	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
22	Copper	Cu	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
23	Zinc	Zn	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
24	Gallium	Ga	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
25	Arsenic	As	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
26	Arsenic	As	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
27	Rubidium	Rb	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
28	Strontium	Sr	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
29	Yttrium	Y	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
30	Zirconium	Zr	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
31	Niobium	Nb	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
32	Antimony	Sb	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
33	Caesium	Cs	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
34	Barium	Ba	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
35	Lanthanum	La	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
36	Cerium	Ce	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
37	Samarium	Sm	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
38	Europium	Eu	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
39	Terbium	Tb	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
40	Ytterbium	Yb	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
41	Lutetium	Lu	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
42	Hafnium	Hf	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
43	Tantalum	Ta	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
44	Lead	Pb	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
45	Thorium	Th	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
46	Thorium	Th	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)
47	Uranium	U	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
48	Uranium	U	mg/kg	Krissek, Lawrence A	Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Reimann et al., 1998)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

4188 data points

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