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Statoliths of one Fossil and Four Living Squids (Gonatidae: Cephalopoda)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

Malcolm R. Clarke ,
J. E. Fitch ,
T. Kristensen ,
T. Kubodera§  and
Linda Maddock
Malcolm R. Clarke
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth
J. E. Fitch
Affiliation:
Department of Fish and Game, Long Beach, California, U.S.A.
T. Kristensen
Affiliation:
Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken, Copenhagen
T. Kubodera§
Affiliation:
Research Institute of North Pacific Fisheries, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan.
Linda Maddock
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth
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Extract

Cephalopod statoliths are paired calcareous stones which lie in cavities, the statocysts, within the skull. They have a form which, though variable, shows promise as a source of criteria for taxonomic and evolutionary studies. As a preliminary to more detailed studies, Clarke (1978) published a description of the form of a generalized teuthoid statolith, coined nomenclature for the various parts and gave a very brief survey of variation of statoliths within the living Cephalopoda. This nomenclature was used in a detailed description of fossilized teuthoid statoliths by Clarke & Fitch (1979). Here, descriptions of the statoliths of the living species Berryteuthis magister (Berry, 1913), Gonatopsis borealis Sasaki, 1923, Gonatopsis (Boreoteuthis) makko Okutani & Nemoto, 1964 and Gonatus fabricii (Lichtenstein, 1818) are given and the fossil Berryteuthis species described in outline by Clarke & Fitch (1979) is compared with B. magister. A statistical analysis of measurements of the statoliths of these five species has been made and the results are presented. This forms the first part of a general description of teuthoid statoliths and similar studies on the Ommastrephidae and the Loliginidae are in preparation.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 60 , Issue 2 , May 1980 , pp. 329 - 347
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1980

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