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Middle Miocene magmatic activity in the Sophia Basin, Arctic Ocean—evidence from dredged basalt at the flanks of Mosby Seamount

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Abstract

The area to the northwest of Svalbard was repeatedly affected by tectono-magmatic events during the opening of the Arctic Ocean including the formation of the Cretaceous High Arctic Large Igneous Province, the Late Cretaceous/early Cenozoic birth of the Eurasian Basin, and the establishment of a full seafloor-spreading regime along the Lena Trough/Fram Strait in the middle Miocene. These processes also affected the Sophia Basin located between the Yermak Plateau and the northern Svalbard Shelf. In 2013 a piece of basalt was dredged from the southern flank of the Mosby Seamount, the central landmark within the Sophia Basin. According to Ar–Ar dating on fresh plagioclase the basalt erupted at ~ 13 Ma, contemporaneous with incipient seafloor spreading in the nearby Lena Trough and volcanic activity on northern Svalbard. If the dredged basalt is temporally related to sediment-covered lava flows and sill intrusions around Mosby Seamount, which were revealed by seismic reflections, then the age of the sedimentary cover must be middle Miocene or younger. This finding will improve the regional seismo-stratigraphy.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the master M. Guenther, officers and crew of the RV Maria S. Merian as well as MSM31 shipboard scientific party for their help during basement sampling. We thank the German Research Foundation, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar Research Bremerhaven and GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel for funding the cruise. Thanks also go to Christian Reichert (BGR) for support with providing the chain dredge and Guillaume Jacques (BGR) for the Rb/Sr and Sm/Nd isotope analyses. The authors would like to thank Emerson E&P Software, Emerson Automation Solutions, for providing licenses in the scope of the Emerson Academic Program. Maps were created with Generic Mapping Tools [79]. We thank the editor Henning Bauch and the anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Alten Hafen 26, 27568, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Wolfram H. Geissler & Florian Riefstahl

  2. Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany

    Solveig Estrada

  3. Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    John M. O’Connor

  4. Geosciences Department, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

    Cornelia Spiegel & Andreas Klügel

  5. GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre of Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148, Kiel, Germany

    Paul Van den Boogard

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Table 4 Results of groundmass analyses and standard analyses by laser ablation ICPMS
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Geissler, W.H., Estrada, S., Riefstahl, F. et al. Middle Miocene magmatic activity in the Sophia Basin, Arctic Ocean—evidence from dredged basalt at the flanks of Mosby Seamount. Arktos 5, 31–48 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41063-019-00066-8

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