Abstract
The Caribbean sponge Stylissa caribica is the source of a series of six proline-rich cyclic heptapeptides, the stylissamides A–F (1–6). Here, we review the elucidation of the structures of 1–6 by a combination of NMR and mass spectrometry (MS/MS and MSn experiments). A detailed description of the NMR analysis (including semi-selective 1H,13C-HMBC and NOESY experiments) for sequencing the peptides is provided for stylissamides A (1) and E (5).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arai M, Yamano Y, Fujita M, Setiawan A, Kobayashi M (2011) Stylissamide X, a new proline-rich cyclic octapeptide as an inhibitor of cell migration, from an Indonesian marine sponge of Stylissa sp.. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 22:1818–1821
Bermel W, Wagner K, Griesinger C (1989) Proton-detected C, H correlation via long-range couplings with soft pulses; determination of coupling constants. J Magn Reson 83:223–232
Brennan MR, Costello CE, Maleknia SD, Pettit GR, Erickson KL (2008) Stylopeptide 2, a proline-rich cyclodecapeptide from the sponge Stylotella sp.. J Nat Prod 71:453–456
Cychon C, Köck M (2010) Stylissamides E and F, cyclic heptapeptides from the Caribbean sponge Stylissa caribica. J Nat Prod 73:738–742
Dahiya R, Gautam H (2010) Total synthesis and antimicrobial activity of a natural cycloheptapeptide of marine origin. Mar Drugs 8:2384–2394
Eckart K (1994) Mass spectrometry of cyclic peptides. Mass Spec Rev 13:23–55
Edman P (1950) Method for determination of the amino acid sequence in peptides. Acta Chem Scand 4:283–293
Fairweather KA, Sayyadi N, Roussakis C, Jolliffe KA (2010) Synthesis of the cyclic heptapeptide axinellin A. Tetrahedron 66:935–939
Fernandez R, Omar S, Feliz M, Quinoa E, Riguera R (1992) Malaysiatin, the first cyclic heptapeptide from a marine sponge. Tetrahedron Lett 33:6017–6020
Fitznar HP, Lobbes JM, Kattner G (1999) Determination of enantiomeric amino acids with high-performance liquid chromatography and pre-column derivatisation with ο-phthaldialdehyde and N-isobutyrylcysteine in seawater and fossil samples (mollusks). J Chr A 832:123–132
Grewal RN, El Aribi H, Harrison AG, Siu KWM, Hopkinson AC (2004) Fragmentation of protonated tripeptides: the proline effect revisited. J Phys Chem B 108:4899–4908
Kessler H, Schmieder P, Köck M, Kurz M (1990) Improved resolution in proton-detected heteronuclear long-range correlation. J Magn Reson 88:615–618
Kobayashi J, Tsuda M, Nakamura T, Mikami Y, Shigemori H (1993) Hymenamides A and B, new proline-rich cyclic heptapeptides from the Okinawan marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp.. Tetrahedron 49:2391–2402
Kobayashi J, Nakamura T, Tsuda M (1996) Hymenamide F, new cyclic heptapeptide from marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp.. Tetrahedron 52:6355–6360
Kong F, Burgoyne DL, Andersen J, Allen TM (1992) Pseudoaxinellin, a cyclic heptapeptide isolated from the Papua New Guinea sponge Pseudoaxinella massa. Tetrahedron Lett 33:3269–3272
Li WL, Yi YH, Wu HM, Xu QZ, Tang HF, Zhou DZ, Lin HW, Wang ZH (2003) Isolation and structure of the cytotoxic cycloheptapeptide phakellistatin 13. J Nat Prod 66:146–148
Liu WT, Ng J, Meluzzi D, Bandeira N, Gutierrez M, Simmons TL, Schultz AW, Linington RG, Moore BS, Gerwick WH (2009) Interpretation of tandem mass spectra obtained from cyclic nonribosomal peptides. Analyt Chem 81:4200–4209
Marfey P (1984) Determination of D-amino acids. II. Use of a bifunctional reagent, 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Carlsberg Res Commun 49:591–596
Matsunaga S, Fusetani N (2003) Nonribosomal peptides from marine sponges. Curr Org Chem 7:945–966
Mechnich O, Kessler H (1997) What are the structures of phakellistatin 2 and phakellistatin 4? Lett Peptide Sci 4:21–28
Mechnich O, Messier G, Kessler H, Bernd M, Kutscher B (1997) Cyclic heptapeptides axinastatin 2, 3, and 4: conformational analysis and evaluation of the biological potential. Helv Chim Acta 80:1338–1354
Mohammed R, Peng J, Kelly M, Hamann MT (2006) Cyclic heptapeptides from the Jamaican sponge Stylissa caribica. J Nat Prod 69:1739–1744
Napolitano A, Bruno I, Rovero P, Lucas R, Peris MP, Gomez-Paloma L, Riccio R (2001) Synthesis, structural aspects and bioactivity of the marine cyclopeptide hymenamide C. Tetrahedron 57:6249–6255
Napolitano A, Rodriquez M, Bruno I, Marzocco S (2003) Synthesis, structural aspects and cytotoxicity of the natural cyclopeptides yunnanins A, C and phakellistatins 1. Tetrahedron 59:10203–10211
Pettit GR, Herald CL, Boyd MR, Leet JE, Dufresne C, Doubek DL, Schmidt JM, Cerny RL, Hooper JNA, Rutzler KC (1991) Antineoplastic agents 219. Isolation and structure of the cell growth inhibitory constituents from the Western Pacific marine sponge Axinella sp.. J Med Chem 34:3339–3340
Pettit GR, Srirangam JK, Herald DL, Erickson KL, Doubek DL, Schmidt JM, Tackett LP, Bakus GJ (1992) Antineoplastic agents 251. Isolation and structure of stylostatin 1 from the Papua New Guinea marine sponge Stylotella aurantium. J Org Chem 57:7217–7220
Pettit GR, Gao F, Cerny R (1993a) Isolation and structure of axinastatin 4 from the western Indian Ocean marine sponge Axinella cf. carteri. Heterocycles 35:711–718
Pettit GR, Cichacz Z, Barkoczy J, Dorsaz AC, Herald DL, Williams MD, Doubek DL, Schmidt JM, Tackett LP, Brune DC (1993b) Isolation and structure of the marine sponge cell growth inhibitory cyclic peptide phakellistatin 1. J Nat Prod 56:260–267
Pettit GR, Tan R, Williams MD, Tackett L, Schmidt JM, Cerny RL, Hooper JNA (1993c) Isolation and structure of phakellistatin 2 from the Eastern Indian Ocean marine sponge Phakellia carteri. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 3:2869–2874
Pettit GR, Gao F, Cerny RL, Doubek DL, Tackett LP, Schmidt JM, Chapuis JC (1994a) Antineoplastic agents 278. Isolation and structure of axinastatins 2 and 3 from a western Caroline Island marine sponge. J Med Chem 37:1165–1168
Pettit GR, Xu J, Cichacz ZA, Williams MD, Dorsaz AC, Brune DC, Boyd MR, Cerny RL (1994b) Antineoplastic agents 315. Isolation and structure of the marine sponge cancer cell growth inhibitor phakellistatin 5. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 4:2091–2096
Pettit GR, Xu JP, Cichacz ZA, Williams MD, Chapuis Ronald L (1994c) Antineoplastic agents 323. Isolation and structure of phakellistatin 6 from a Chuuk archipelago marine sponge. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 4:2677–2682
Pettit GR, Jun-Ping XU, Herald DL, Cichacz Z, Schmidt JM, Dorsaz AZ, Boyd MR, Cerny RL (1995a) Isolation and structure of the human cancer cell growth inhibitory phakellistatin 4 from the western Pacific sponge Phakellia costata. Heterocycles 40:501–506
Pettit GR, Srirangam JK, Herald DL, Xu J, Boyd MR, Cichacz Z, Kamano Y, Schmidt JM, Erickson KL (1995b) Isolation and crystal structure of stylopeptide 1, a new marine Porifera cycloheptapeptide. J Org Chem 60:8257–8261
Pettit GR, Rhodes MR, Tan R (1999) Antineoplastic sgents 400. Synthesis of the Indian Ocean marine sponge cyclic heptapeptide phakellistatin 2. J Nat Prod 62:409–414
Pettit GR, Toki BE, Xu JP, Brune DC (2000) Synthesis of the marine sponge cycloheptapeptide phakellistatin 5. J Nat Prod 63:22–28
Piel J (2004) Metabolites from symbiotic bacteria. Nat Prod Rep 21:519–538
Piel J (2009) Metabolites from symbiotic bacteria. Nat Prod Rep 26:338–362
Randazzo A, Dal Piaz F, Orru S, Debitus C, Roussakis C, Pucci P, Gomez-Paloma L (1998) Axinellins A and B: new proline-containing antiproliferative cyclopeptides from the Vanuatu sponge Axinella carteri. Eur J Org Chem 2659–2665
Renner MK, Shen YC, Cheng XC, Jensen PR, Frankmoelle W, Kauffman CA, Fenical W, Lobkovsky E, Clardy J (1999) Cyclomarins A-C, new antiinflammatory cyclic peptides produced by a marine bacterium Streptomyces sp.. J Am Chem Soc 121:11273–11276
Schmidt G, Grube A, Köck M (2007) Stylissamides A–D, new proline-containing cyclic heptapeptides from the marine sponge Stylissa caribica. Eur J Org Chem 4103–4110
Schwartz BL, Bursey MM (1992) Some proline substituent effects in the tandem mass spectrum of protonated pentaalanine. Biol Mass Spectrom 21:92–96
Siemion IZ, Wieland T, Pook KH (1975) Influence of the distance of the proline carbonyl from the and carbon on the 13C chemical shifts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 14:702–704
Tabudravu J, Morris LA, Kettenes-van den Bosch JJ, Jaspars M (2001) Wainunuamide, a histidine-containing proline-rich cyclic heptapeptide isolated from the Fijian marine sponge Stylotella aurantium. Tetrahedron Lett 42:9273–9276
Tabudravu JN, Morris LA, Kettenes-van den Bosch JJ, Jaspars M (2002a) Axinellin C, a proline-rich cyclic octapeptide isolated from the Fijian marine sponge Stylotella aurantium. Tetrahedron 58:7863–7868
Tabudravu JN, Jaspars M, Morris LA, Kettenes-van den Bosch JJ, Smith N (2002b) Two distinct conformers of the cyclic heptapeptide phakellistatin 2 isolated from the Fijian marine sponge Stylotella aurantium. J Org Chem 67:8593–8601
Tan LT, Cheng XC, Jensen PR, Fenical W (2003) Scytalidamides A and B, new cytotoxic cyclic heptapeptides from a marine fungus of the genus Scytalidium. J Org Chem 68:8767–8773
Tomer KB, Crow FW, Gross ML, Kopple KD (1984) Fast-atom bombardment combined with tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of cyclic peptides. Anal Chem 56:880–886
Tsuda M, Shigemori H, Mikami Y, Kobayashi J (1993) Hymenamides C–E, new cyclic heptapeptides with two proline residues from the Okinawan marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp.. Tetrahedron 49:6785–6796
Tsuda M, Sasaki T, Kobayashi J (1994) Hymenamides G, H, J, and K, four new cyclic octapeptides from the Okinawan marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp.. Tetrahedron 50:4667–4680
Vera B, Vicente J, Rodriguez AD (2009) Isolation and structural elucidation of euryjanicins B–D, proline-containing cycloheptapeptides from the Caribbean marine sponge Prosuberites laughlini. J Nat Prod 72:1555–1562
Vicente J, Vera B, Rodríguez AD, Rodríguez-Escudero I, Raptis RG (2009) Euryjanicin A: a new cycloheptapeptide from the Caribbean marine sponge Prosuberites laughlini. Tetrahedron Lett 50:4571–4574
Williams DE, Yu K, Behrisch HW, Van Soest R, Andersen RJ (2009) Rolloamides A and B, cytotoxic cyclic heptapeptides isolated from the Caribbean marine sponge Eurypon laughlini. J Nat Prod 72:1253–1257
Wüthrich K, Billeter M, Braun W (1984) Polypeptide secondary structure determination by nuclear magnetic resonance observation of short proton–proton distances. J Mol Biol 180:715–740
Zhang HJ, Yi YH, Yang GJ, Hu MY, Cao GD, Yang F, Lin HW (2010) Proline-containing cyclopeptides from the marine sponge Phakellia fusca. J Nat Prod 73:650–655
Zhang CM, Guo JX, Wang L, Chai XY, Hu HG, Wu QY (2011) Total synthesis of cyclic heptapeptide euryjanicin B. Chin Chem Lett 22:631–634
Acknowledgments
Financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (Ko 1314/5-1 and 5-2, DFG-Forschergruppe FOR 934) is gratefully acknowledged. Sponge collection was carried out by Dr. M. Assmann during a scientific expedition to the Bahamas in 2000. During this time the project was also sponsored by the DFG (Ko 1314/3-1 to 3-4). We would like to acknowledge the support of Prof. Dr. J. R. Pawlik (University of North Carolina, Wilmington, USA) who gave members of the Köck research group the opportunity to participate in scientific sojourns to the Bahamas (1998 to 2008).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cychon, C., Schmidt, G. & Köck, M. Sequencing of cyclic peptides by NMR and MS techniques demonstrated on stylissamides A–F. Phytochem Rev 12, 495–505 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-012-9252-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-012-9252-6