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Raman study of apatite amorphised with swift heavy ions under various irradiation conditions

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Abstract

Crystallographically oriented Durango fluorapatites were exposed to swift heavy ions (Xe, Ta, Au, U) at different irradiation conditions. Beam-induced sample modifications were investigated with respect to the effect of fluence (109–1013 ions/cm2), electronic energy loss (18–27 keV/nm), and pressure (3.6–11.5 GPa) applied during irradiation. In situ high-pressure irradiation was performed in diamond anvil cells. Confocal Raman spectroscopy was used to trace the occurring changes in the crystal lattice. Fragmentation of the crystal specimen depends on the orientation and sample thickness and was found to scale with energy loss and fluence. The radiation damage for irradiation along the c-axis was found to be larger than for the 〈hk0〉 direction, independent of the confining pressure. Observations on samples irradiated at high pressures indicate a stabilising effect, leading to reduced amorphisation in comparison to the samples irradiated without pressure.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ilona Fin and Oliver Wienand for the careful preparation of the polished crystal sections. Financial support within the BMBF Verbundprojekt (Bundesministerium für Bilung und Forschung, project grant 05KK7VH1) and GSI research grant (project HDGLAS) is acknowledged. Background correction and mathematical fitting of the bands were done with the free software FITYK 0.89 (http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/).

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  1. Christian Weikusat

    Present address: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 27568, Bremerhaven, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Heidelberg, 69210, Heidelberg, Germany

    Christian Weikusat, Ulrich A. Glasmacher & Ronald Miletich

  2. GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany

    Beatrice Schuster, Christina Trautmann & Reinhard Neumann

  3. Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstrasse 1, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany

    Beatrice Schuster

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  1. Christian Weikusat
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  2. Ulrich A. Glasmacher
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Correspondence to Christian Weikusat.

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Weikusat, C., Glasmacher, U.A., Schuster, B. et al. Raman study of apatite amorphised with swift heavy ions under various irradiation conditions. Phys Chem Minerals 38, 293–303 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-010-0403-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-010-0403-2

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