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The impact of cold North Atlantic sea surface temperatures on climate: implications for the Younger Dryas cooling (11–10 k)

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Abstract

The sensitivity of global climate to colder North Atlantic sea surface temperatures is in vestigated with the use of the GISS general circulation model. North Atlantic ocean temperatures 18,000 B.P., resembling those prevalent during the Younger Dryas, were incorporated into the model of the present climate and also into an experiment using orbital parameters and land ice characteristic of 11,000 B.P. The results show that with both 11,000 B.P. and present conditions the colder ocean temperatures produce cooling over western and central Europe, in good agreement with Younger Dryas paleoclimatic evidence. Cooling also occurs over extreme eastern North America, although the precise magnitude and location depends upon the specification of ocean temperature change in the western Atlantic. Despite the presence of increased land ice and colder ocean temperatures, the Younger Dryas summer air temperatures at Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes in the model are warmer than those of today due to changes in the orbital parameters, chiefly precession, and atmospheric subsidence at the perimeter of the ice sheets.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Space Studies, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, 2880 Broadway, 10025, New York, NY, USA

    D Rind & D Peteet

  2. Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, 10964, Palisades, NY, USA

    W Broecker, A McIntyre & W Ruddiman

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Rind, D., Peteet, D., Broecker, W. et al. The impact of cold North Atlantic sea surface temperatures on climate: implications for the Younger Dryas cooling (11–10 k). Climate Dynamics 1, 3–33 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01277044

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