Abstract
Portable and automated field screening equipment would be very effective in assessing contamination due to explosives at many defense sites. A droplet based microfluidic lab-on-a-chip utilizing electrowetting has been presented for fully automated detection of TNT. Microliter droplets of TNT in DMSO and KOH in water are reacted on a chip in a programmed way. The same platform has integrated colorimetric detection. The detection of TNT is linear in the range of 12.5–50 μg/mL.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J.C. Bart, L.L. Judd, K.E. Hoffman, A.M. Wilkins and A.W. Kusterbeck, Application of a portable immunosensor to detect the explosives TNT and RDX in groundwater samples, Environmental Science and Technology 31 (1997) 1505–1511.
United States Environmental Protection Agency, SW-846 Method 8330.
A.B. Crockett, H.D. Craig, T.F. Jenkins and W.E. Sisk, Field sampling and selecting on-site analytical methods for explosives in soil, EPA Federal Facilities Forum Issue, EPA/540/R-97/501, November, (1996).
T.F. Jenkins and M.E. Walsh, Development of field screening methods for TNT, 2,4-DNT and RDX in soil, Talanta 39 (1992) 419–428.
R.T. Medary, Inexpensive rapid field screening test for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in soil, Analytica Chimica Acta 258 (1992) 341–346.
H. Craig, G. Ferguson, A. Markos, A. Kesterbeck, L. Shriver-Lake, T. Jenkins and P. Thorne, Field demonstration of on-site analytical methods for TNT and RDX in ground water, Proceedings of the HSRC/WERC Joint Conference on the Environment, http://www.engg.ksu.edu/HSRC/Proceedings.html, May, (1996).
L. Berthe-Corti, H. Jacobi, S. Kleihauer and I. Witte, Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of a 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexogen contaminated soils in S. Typhimurium and mammalian cells, Chemosphere 37 (1998) 209–218.
J. Wang, B. Tian and E. Sahlin, Micromachined electrophoresis chips with thick-film electrochemical detectors, Analytical Chemistry 71 (1999) 5436–5440.
J. Wang, R. Polsky, B. Tian and M.P. Chatrathi, Voltammetry on microfluidic chip platforms, Analytical Chemistry 72 (2000) 5285–5289.
A. Hilmi and J.H.T. Luong, Electrochemical detectors prepared by electroless deposition for microfabricated electrophoresis chips, Analytical Chemistry 72 (2000) 677–682.
S.R. Wallenborg and C.G. Bailey, Separation and detection of explosives on a microchip using micellar electrokinetic chromatography and indirect laser-induced fluorescence, Analytical Chemistry 72 (2000) 1872–1878.
V. Srinivasan, V.K. Pamula, M.G. Pollack and R.B. Fair, A digital microfluidic biosensor for multianalyte detection, Proc. IEEE MEMS (2003) 327–330.
P. Paik, V.K. Pamula and R.B. Fair, Electrowetting-based droplet mixers for microfluidic systems, Lab on a chip 3 (2003) 28–33.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pamula, V.K. (2004). A Digital Microfluidics Platform for Multiplexed Explosive Detection. In: Gardner, J.W., Yinon, J. (eds) Electronic Noses & Sensors for the Detection of Explosives. NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, vol 159. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2319-7_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2319-7_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-2317-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2319-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive