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Shaw, Emily; Tilbrook, Bronte; Steven, Andrew D L; Phinn, Stuart R (2014): Carbonate chemistry, community metabolism, PAR, temperature and salinity of One Tree Island reef [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.835109, Supplement to: Shaw, Emily; Phinn, Stuart R; Tilbrook, Bronte; Steven, Andrew D L (2015): Natural in situ relationships suggest coral reef calcium carbonate production will decline with ocean acidification. Limnology and Oceanography, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10048

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Abstract:
There are few in situ studies showing how net community calcification (Gnet) of coral reefs is related to carbonate chemistry, and the studies to date have demonstrated different predicted rates of change. In this study, we measured net community production (Pnet), Gnet, and carbonate chemistry of a reef flat at One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef. Diurnal pCO2 variability of 289-724 µatm was driven primarily by photosynthesis and respiration. The reef flat was found to be net autotrophic, with daily production of ~ 35 mmol C/m**2/d and net calcification of ~ 33 mmol C/m**2/d . Gnet was strongly related to Pnet, which drove a hysteresis pattern in the relationship between Gnet and aragonite saturation state (Omega ar). Although Pnet was the main driver of Gnet, Omega ar was still an important factor, where 95% of the variance in Gnet could be described by Pnet and Omega ar. Based on the observed in situ relationship, Gnet would be expected to reach zero when Omega ar is 2.5. It is unknown what proportion of a decline in Gnet would be through reduced calcification and what would occur through increased dissolution, but the results here support predictions that overall calcium carbonate production will decline in coral reefs as a result of ocean acidification.
Keyword(s):
Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Field observation; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rocky-shore community; South Pacific; Temperate
Related to:
Shaw, Emily; Phinn, Stuart R; Tilbrook, Bronte; Steven, Andrew D L (2014): Comparability of Slack Water and Lagrangian Flow Respirometry Methods for Community Metabolic Measurements. PLoS ONE, 9(11), e112161, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112161.s001
Further details:
Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -23.507540 * Median Longitude: 152.089334 * South-bound Latitude: -23.510100 * West-bound Longitude: 152.039500 * North-bound Latitude: -23.477800 * East-bound Longitude: 152.091900
Date/Time Start: 2013-11-08T17:28:00 * Date/Time End: 2013-11-22T13:56:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 0.50 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 1.60 m
Event(s):
One_Tree_Island * Latitude: -23.507500 * Longitude: 152.089300 * Date/Time Start: 2013-11-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2013-11-22T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-08-21.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
SiteSiteShaw, Emily
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
DateDateShaw, EmilyUTC
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
DEPTH, waterDepth watermGeocode
Temperature, waterTemp°CShaw, Emilymeasured in situ
SalinitySalShaw, Emilymeasured in situ
IrradianceEµmol/m2/sShaw, Emilymeasured in situ
10 Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgShaw, Emilymeasured from discrete water samples
11 Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgShaw, Emilymeasured from discrete water samples
12 Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgShaw, Emilysalinity-normalized (S=35)
13 Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgShaw, Emilysalinity-normalized (S=35)
14 pHpHShaw, EmilyCalculated using CO2SYStotal scale
15 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmShaw, EmilyCalculated using CO2SYS
16 Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgShaw, EmilyCalculated using CO2SYS
17 Net calcification rate of calcium carbonateNC CaCO3µmol/cm2/hShaw, EmilyCalculatedcalculated from changes in TA and DIC of consecutive samples
18 Net photosynthesis rate, carbon dioxidePN CO2µmol/cm2/hShaw, Emilycalculated from changes in TA and DIC of consecutive samples
19 Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
20 pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)total scale
21 Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23 Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24 Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25 Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26 Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27 Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
1810 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Site

Date/Time

Date
(UTC)

Latitude

Longitude

Depth water [m]

Temp [°C]
(measured in situ)

Sal
(measured in situ)

E [µmol/m2/s]
(measured in situ)
10 
AT [µmol/kg]
(measured from discrete water ...)
11 
DIC [µmol/kg]
(measured from discrete water ...)
12 
AT [µmol/kg]
(salinity-normalized (S=35))
13 
DIC [µmol/kg]
(salinity-normalized (S=35))
14 
pH
(total scale, Calculated using...)
15 
pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using CO2SYS)
16 
Omega Arg
(Calculated using CO2SYS)
17 
NC CaCO3 [µmol/cm2/h]
(calculated from changes in TA...)
18 
PN CO2 [µmol/cm2/h]
(calculated from changes in TA...)
19 
CSC flag
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
20 
pH
(total scale, Calculated using...)
21 
CO2 [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
22 
pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
23 
fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
24 
[HCO3]- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
25 
[CO3]2- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
26 
Omega Arg
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
27 
Omega Cal
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Flow2013-11-10T14:242013-11-10T04:24-23.50840152.090201.6026.2435.913682273.01946.00221819008.063683.63158.0610.02366.96365.831706.98229.003.635.48
Flow2013-11-10T14:402013-11-10T04:40-23.51000152.091401.6026.3335.99672267.01936.00221118898.073603.671.984.43158.079.80359.48358.371694.86231.343.675.53
Flow2013-11-10T16:142013-11-10T06:14-23.50790152.090201.1526.1935.85222269.01937.00221918948.083553.69158.089.73355.53354.431695.13232.143.685.56
Flow2013-11-10T16:432013-11-10T06:43-23.50970152.091300.9025.9235.83552263.01945.00221118998.063733.540.91-2.16158.0610.29373.39372.231711.85222.863.535.33
Flow2013-11-11T04:422013-11-10T18:42-23.50850152.090400.8024.3135.912282.02009.00222719618.004443.06158.0012.73444.03442.621801.94194.333.054.64
Flow2013-11-11T05:062013-11-10T19:06-23.50990152.091300.7024.3835.9322279.02014.00222419667.984632.970.28-1.27157.9913.23462.31460.841811.56189.212.974.51
Flow2013-11-11T17:062013-11-11T07:06-23.50840152.090401.2026.5535.81552256.01916.00220418728.083443.76158.099.31343.35342.291669.86236.833.765.67
Flow2013-11-11T17:322013-11-11T07:32-23.50970152.091501.0026.3435.8692251.01922.00219918788.073573.640.65-2.16158.079.72356.59355.491682.75229.533.645.50
Flow2013-11-12T05:222013-11-11T19:22-23.50770152.090101.1024.3935.9272282.02033.00222619837.955042.82157.9614.39503.16501.571839.32179.292.824.28
Flow2013-11-12T06:102013-11-11T20:10-23.50970152.091400.8024.5435.92752289.02049.00223319997.945332.74-0.44-1.45157.9415.21533.55531.861859.82173.982.744.15
Flow2013-11-12T18:152013-11-12T08:15-23.50810152.090401.2027.1735.962257.01926.00220218808.063683.68158.069.83368.28367.151684.96231.203.685.54
Flow2013-11-12T18:462013-11-12T08:46-23.50990152.091400.9026.6535.902256.01940.00220318948.043863.52-0.08-3.01158.0410.45386.62385.431708.11221.443.525.30
Flow2013-11-13T06:462013-11-12T20:46-23.50790152.090401.2024.9535.82222292.02050.00224220057.935372.77157.9315.14536.62534.931859.29175.572.774.20
Flow2013-11-13T07:162013-11-12T21:16-23.50960152.091501.0024.8735.75072300.02057.00225220147.945352.79-1.18-0.82157.9415.12534.33532.651865.36176.522.784.22
Flow2013-11-13T19:102013-11-13T09:101.2027.1635.802254.01915.00220518748.073533.76158.079.43352.79351.711669.27236.313.775.67
Flow2013-11-13T19:352013-11-13T09:35-23.50970152.091601.0026.6335.801926.001885
Flow2013-11-14T08:072013-11-13T22:07-23.50790152.090301.1024.7835.76052313.02058.00226720177.965072.91157.9614.35506.02504.421859.19184.462.914.41
Flow2013-11-14T08:582013-11-13T22:58-23.50900152.091100.6025.3135.710142283.01990.00223819508.024163.291.465.38158.0211.67417.07415.761770.70207.633.284.97
Flow2013-11-15T09:092013-11-14T23:09-23.50860152.090401.1025.2535.718662290.02007.00224819708.014393.19158.0112.32439.56438.191793.17201.513.184.82
Flow2013-11-15T09:332013-11-14T23:33-23.50920152.091600.9025.2835.619782286.02002.00224619678.014363.200.320.60158.0112.19435.26433.901787.69202.123.204.84
Flow2013-11-15T20:302013-11-15T10:30-23.50800152.090201.2526.7135.702256.01915.00221118788.083443.78158.099.27343.04341.981668.07237.663.785.70
Flow2013-11-15T20:562013-11-15T10:56-23.50980152.091701.0026.3735.702255.01917.00221118808.093433.740.06-0.62158.099.34342.78341.721672.07235.583.745.65
Flow2013-11-16T09:502013-11-15T23:50-23.50820152.090101.2025.6635.73342279.02009.00223419707.984723.06157.9813.09471.97470.491802.87193.043.064.62
Flow2013-11-16T10:042013-11-16T00:04-23.51010152.091601.1025.4535.76182276.02001.00223119617.994563.100.873.42157.9912.70455.32453.891792.30196.013.104.69
Flow2013-11-17T10:212013-11-17T00:21-23.50780152.089901.3025.6935.715692288.02010.00224419727.994593.14157.9912.69457.68456.251798.88198.433.144.75
Flow2013-11-17T10:482013-11-17T00:48-23.50950152.091701.0025.9735.716302280.01986.00223619488.024243.311.035.36158.0211.70425.00423.671765.91208.393.304.99
Flow2013-11-18T11:092013-11-18T01:09-23.50870152.090101.2025.4235.73492274.02019.00223119807.965002.91157.9614.01502.21500.641821.65183.342.904.39
Flow2013-11-18T11:302013-11-18T01:30-23.50910152.091601.0025.2735.65412270.01995.00223219627.994493.100.726.71158.0012.57448.52447.111786.61195.823.104.69
Flow2013-11-18T21:382013-11-18T11:38-23.50810152.090401.1025.0335.602250.01952.00221119198.043913.31158.0410.99389.68388.461731.47209.543.315.02
Flow2013-11-18T21:592013-11-18T11:59-23.50980152.091801.0025.1535.602245.01961.00220719278.024183.170.64-3.39158.0211.73417.48416.171748.74200.533.174.80
Flow2013-11-19T11:412013-11-19T01:41-23.50770152.090001.2026.3335.616432289.01974.00225119428.043933.53158.0510.71392.20390.991740.92222.383.535.33
Flow2013-11-19T12:112013-11-19T02:11-23.50980152.091900.9026.3735.618912255.01958.00221819258.024133.343.52-0.01158.0211.32415.02413.731737.10209.593.335.03
Flow2013-11-21T12:442013-11-21T02:44-23.50850152.090501.1027.1235.719102260.01975.00221719387.984583.22157.9912.22456.58455.181760.45202.333.234.86
Flow2013-11-21T13:132013-11-21T03:13-23.50980152.091600.9027.3735.715242246.01947.00220519128.014253.371.244.34158.0111.31425.32424.011724.95210.743.365.06
Flow2013-11-22T13:222013-11-22T03:22-23.50830152.090501.0026.3735.712522269.01905.00222618698.123084.02158.128.41308.63307.671643.73252.864.026.06
Flow2013-11-22T13:562013-11-22T03:56-23.50970152.091000.7026.7635.66382248.01886.00220718528.123094.001.451.15158.128.35309.06308.101626.74250.914.006.02
Slackwater12013-11-08T17:282013-11-08T07:28-23.50860152.090840.5525.0535.82242276.01955.00222519128.073603.55158.0710.13359.83358.701719.88224.993.555.38
Slackwater12013-11-08T18:252013-11-08T08:25-23.50860152.090840.5524.7135.842284.01995.00223319508.024163.24-0.24-2.06158.0211.83416.62415.311778.38204.793.234.89
Slackwater12013-11-08T19:312013-11-08T09:31-23.50860152.090840.5524.3335.802290.02021.00223919767.994563.02-0.14-1.17157.9913.05455.33453.881815.75192.203.024.59
Slackwater12013-11-09T04:572013-11-08T18:57-23.50860152.090840.5522.7235.912308.02066.00225320167.964982.74157.9614.90498.83497.221875.97175.132.734.17
Slackwater12013-11-09T05:552013-11-08T19:55-23.50860152.090840.5522.4835.81782302.02052.00224920047.984712.810.120.59157.9814.15470.40468.871857.93179.922.814.29
Slackwater12013-11-09T06:562013-11-08T20:56-23.50860152.090840.5522.9235.86572284.02004.00223019578.034073.100.502.10158.0412.05405.20403.891793.57198.383.104.73
Slackwater12013-11-10T19:432013-11-10T09:43-23.50860152.090840.5525.3535.802268.01984.00221519388.014333.18158.0112.07431.84430.491770.68201.263.184.81
Slackwater12013-11-10T20:412013-11-10T10:41-23.50860152.090840.5525.0135.902282.02013.00222719647.984653.04-0.35-1.16157.9813.12465.84464.371807.80192.083.034.59
Slackwater12013-11-10T21:402013-11-10T11:40-23.50860152.090840.5524.8135.902283.02021.00222719717.974782.96-0.00-0.37157.9713.56479.14477.631819.81187.632.954.48
Slackwater12013-11-11T07:312013-11-10T21:31-23.50860152.090840.5524.5635.911892269.01996.00221319478.004443.05158.0012.63443.44442.031789.42193.953.054.63
Slackwater12013-11-11T08:262013-11-10T22:26-23.50860152.090840.5525.1935.914742258.01971.00220019208.024203.200.411.25158.0211.78420.16418.841756.61202.613.204.84
Slackwater12013-11-11T09:362013-11-10T23:36-23.50860152.090840.5526.0235.919712238.01928.00218018788.053823.430.501.57158.0510.48381.49380.301700.84216.693.435.18
Slackwater12013-11-12T09:122013-11-11T23:12-23.50860152.090840.5525.5535.815392264.01974.00221119288.014223.24158.0211.71421.18419.871757.31204.983.244.90
Slackwater12013-11-12T10:072013-11-12T00:07-23.50860152.090840.5526.3035.923252249.01945.00219418988.034023.380.521.33158.0310.94401.10399.861720.64213.423.385.11
Slackwater12013-11-12T11:112013-11-12T01:11-23.50860152.090840.5527.3835.923042224.01885.00217018398.083463.750.632.48158.089.21346.71345.651640.84234.953.755.63
Slackwater12013-11-13T22:282013-11-13T12:28-23.50860152.090840.5526.0235.802269.01967.00221919248.034083.37158.0311.18406.77405.511742.87212.963.375.10
Slackwater12013-11-14T00:302013-11-13T14:30-23.50860152.090840.5525.6335.702280.02013.00223219707.974803.03-0.18-1.08157.9713.30478.97477.471808.53191.173.034.58
Slackwater12013-11-14T11:112013-11-14T01:11-23.50860152.090840.5525.9635.724362278.01968.00223419308.043923.47158.0410.81392.77391.551738.69218.503.465.23
Slackwater12013-11-14T12:082013-11-14T02:08-23.50860152.090840.5527.1335.713452262.01929.00221618898.073643.720.541.86158.079.74364.06362.951686.32232.943.715.59
Slackwater12013-11-14T13:072013-11-14T03:07-23.50860152.090840.5527.9035.821602239.01887.00219118478.093373.910.711.71158.098.86337.42336.391633.96244.183.915.86
Slackwater12013-11-16T12:482013-11-16T02:48-23.50860152.090840.5527.6935.720902224.01873.00218018368.093303.89158.098.72330.32329.311621.33242.953.885.84
Slackwater12013-11-16T13:492013-11-16T03:49-23.50860152.090840.5528.1035.716142207.01840.00216218028.113074.040.521.36158.118.02306.88305.951579.50252.484.056.07
Slackwater12013-11-16T14:492013-11-16T04:49-23.50860152.090840.5528.1935.76552189.01812.00214417758.132894.130.481.04158.137.54288.96288.091546.46258.004.146.20
Slackwater12013-11-19T14:532013-11-19T04:53-23.50860152.090840.5527.8335.613432208.01862.00217018298.093333.84158.098.78333.69332.671613.97239.243.835.76
Slackwater12013-11-19T15:512013-11-19T05:51-23.50860152.090840.5527.8335.63852200.01859.00216218278.083383.780.22-0.08158.088.92338.84337.811614.36235.723.775.67
Slackwater12013-11-19T16:482013-11-19T06:48-23.50860152.090840.5527.6035.72362210.01884.00216918498.063653.62-0.21-1.16158.069.65364.75363.641647.91226.443.625.44
Slackwater12013-11-21T03:012013-11-20T17:01-23.50860152.090840.5525.9335.702267.02065.00222520267.846762.39157.8418.64676.69674.581895.77150.582.393.61
Slackwater12013-11-21T03:592013-11-20T17:59-23.50860152.090840.5525.7535.702271.02077.00222820387.837052.31-0.09-0.41157.8319.52705.26703.051911.68145.802.313.49
Slackwater12013-11-21T04:592013-11-20T18:59-23.50860152.090840.5525.5735.7242273.02085.00223020457.827242.26-0.06-0.20157.8220.18725.94723.671922.63142.192.253.40
Slackwater12013-11-21T16:232013-11-21T06:23-23.50860152.090840.5527.9735.73242234.01913.00219118768.043883.59158.0410.17387.78386.611678.44224.403.595.39
Slackwater12013-11-21T17:192013-11-21T07:19-23.50860152.090840.5527.6435.72322235.01930.00219118928.024143.42-0.01-0.98158.0210.93413.43412.171704.89214.193.425.15
Slackwater12013-11-21T18:172013-11-21T08:17-23.50860152.090840.5527.2935.8242242.01966.00219519257.974733.13-0.12-1.74157.9712.63474.17472.721757.43195.943.124.70
Slackwater22013-11-11T08:192013-11-10T22:19-23.50964152.091690.5024.8635.914742241.01949.00218719028.033993.23158.0311.26398.44397.181732.74205.003.234.89
Slackwater22013-11-11T09:292013-11-10T23:29-23.50964152.091690.5026.1035.919542210.01879.00215418318.083383.630.732.38158.089.25337.33336.281640.90228.863.635.47
Slackwater22013-11-12T10:012013-11-12T00:01-23.50964152.091690.5026.3235.923252227.01905.00216918568.063623.55158.069.84360.91359.801671.22223.943.555.36
Slackwater22013-11-12T11:042013-11-12T01:04-23.50964152.091690.5027.4935.923042193.01837.00213917928.113123.900.722.35158.118.27312.21311.261584.34244.383.905.86
Slackwater22013-11-13T22:382013-11-13T12:38-23.50964152.091690.5025.9735.702264.01989.00221819487.994593.11157.9812.66459.97458.541780.58195.763.104.69
Slackwater22013-11-13T23:382013-11-13T13:38-23.50964152.091690.5025.7835.802271.02019.00222219767.945182.87-0.10-1.31157.9414.30517.34515.731823.30181.402.874.34
Slackwater22013-11-16T13:422013-11-16T03:42-23.50964152.091690.5028.4935.716142182.01799.00213617628.142844.19158.147.32282.57281.721530.14261.544.206.29
Slackwater22013-11-16T14:422013-11-16T04:42-23.50964152.091690.5028.6035.86552160.01763.00211317258.162614.320.601.30158.166.74261.07260.281487.11269.154.326.47
Slackwater22013-11-21T16:302013-11-21T06:30-23.50964152.091690.5028.2835.73242206.01864.00216318288.073463.80158.079.02346.36345.311618.37236.613.795.69
Slackwater22013-11-21T17:252013-11-21T07:25-23.50964152.091690.5027.8135.71582201.01880.00215718428.053743.570.18-1.00158.059.83373.39372.251647.21222.963.575.36
Offshore2013-11-09T12:512013-11-09T02:51-23.50060152.0395024.7735.62308.02007.00226619718.044023.37158.0411.37400.51399.251782.04213.593.375.11
Offshore2013-11-14T17:302013-11-14T07:30-23.48510152.0632024.1835.62310.02004.00227019708.063843.41158.0611.02382.60381.381776.33216.653.415.18
Offshore2013-11-20T09:582013-11-19T23:58-23.47780152.0919024.4435.62306.02008.00226719748.044013.33158.0411.45400.24398.971785.08211.473.335.06
Offshore2013-11-21T10:302013-11-21T00:30-23.48350152.0670025.1535.62300.01990.00226119558.053863.47158.0510.87386.86385.651759.94219.193.465.25
Offshore2013-11-22T11:062013-11-22T01:06-23.48700152.0585025.1835.62302.01991.00226319588.053873.48158.0510.85386.20384.991760.24219.923.485.27