Citation:

lo.2011.56.4.1200

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry, calcification rate, oxygen production, maximum quantum yield, symbiont density, chlorophyll concentration and crystal width of Halimeda macroloba, Halimeda cylindracea and Marginopora vertebralis during experiments, 2011
Published: 2011
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcification/Dissolution; Chlorophyta; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Foraminifera; Growth/Morphology; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Marginopora vertebralis; Plantae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; South Pacific; Temperature; Tropical

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Abstract:

The effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on photosynthesis and calcification in the calcifying algae Halimeda macroloba and Halimeda cylindracea and the symbiont-bearing benthic foraminifera Marginopora vertebralis were investigated through exposure to a combination of four temperatures (28°C, 30°C, 32°C, and 34°C) and four CO2 levels (39, 61, 101, and 203 Pa; pH 8.1, 7.9, 7.7, and 7.4, respectively). Elevated CO2 caused a profound decline in photosynthetic efficiency (FV : FM), calcification, and growth in all species. After five weeks at 34°C under all CO2 levels, all species died. Chlorophyll (Chl) a and b concentration in Halimeda spp. significantly decreased in 203 Pa, 32°C and 34°C treatments, but Chl a and Chl c2 concentration in M. vertebralis was not affected by temperature alone, with significant declines in the 61, 101, and 203 Pa treatments at 28°C. Significant decreases in FV : FM in all species were found after 5 weeks of exposure to elevated CO2 (203 Pa in all temperature treatments) and temperature (32°C and 34°C in all pH treatments). The rate of oxygen production declined at 61, 101, and 203 Pa in all temperature treatments for all species. The elevated CO2 and temperature treatments greatly reduced calcification (growth and crystal size) in M. vertebralis and, to a lesser extent, in Halimeda spp. These findings indicate that 32°C and 101 Pa CO2, are the upper limits for survival of these species on Heron Island reef, and we conclude that these species will be highly vulnerable to the predicted future climate change scenarios of elevated temperature and ocean acidification.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcification/Dissolution; Chlorophyta; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Foraminifera; Growth/Morphology; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Marginopora vertebralis; Plantae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; South Pacific; Temperature; Tropical

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Identification	ID		Hill, Ross
2	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Hill, Ross
3	pH	pH		Hill, Ross	Measured	NBS scale
4	Salinity	Sal		Hill, Ross
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Hill, Ross
6	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Hill, Ross	Autotitrator (Mettler Toledo)
7	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Hill, Ross
8	Carbon dioxide, partial pressure	pCO2	Pa	Hill, Ross	Calculated using CO2SYS
9	Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Hill, Ross
10	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Hill, Ross	Calculated using CO2SYS
11	Carbon dioxide, standard error	CO2 std e	±	Hill, Ross
12	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Hill, Ross	Calculated using CO2SYS
13	Carbonate ion, standard error	[CO3]2- std e	±	Hill, Ross
14	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Hill, Ross	Calculated using CO2SYS
15	Bicarbonate ion, standard error	[HCO3]- std e	±	Hill, Ross
16	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Hill, Ross	Calculated using CO2SYS
17	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error	DIC std e	±	Hill, Ross
18	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Hill, Ross	Calculated using CO2SYS
19	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Hill, Ross
20	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Hill, Ross	Calculated using CO2SYS
21	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Hill, Ross
22	Calcification rate	Calc rate	mg/day	Hill, Ross	Buoyant weighing technique according to Davies (1989)	Halimeda macroloba
23	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Hill, Ross		Halimeda macroloba
24	Calcification rate	Calc rate	mg/day	Hill, Ross	Buoyant weighing technique according to Davies (1989)	Halimeda cylindracea
25	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Hill, Ross		Halimeda cylindracea
26	Calcification rate	Calc rate	mg/day	Hill, Ross	Buoyant weighing technique according to Davies (1989)	Marginopora vertebralis
27	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Hill, Ross		Marginopora vertebralis
28	Marginopora vertebralis, symbiont cell density	M. vertebralis symbiont	#/mm²	Hill, Ross
29	Marginopora vertebralis, symbiont density, standard error	M. vertebralis symbiont std e	±	Hill, Ross
30	Halimeda macroloba, chlorophyll a	H. macroloba chl a	µg/mm²	Hill, Ross	Spectrophotometry
31	Halimeda macroloba, chlorophyll a, standard error	H. macroloba chl a std e	±	Hill, Ross
32	Halimeda macroloba, chlorophyll b	H. macroloba chl b	µg/mm²	Hill, Ross	Spectrophotometry
33	Halimeda macroloba, chlorophyll b, standard error	H. macroloba chl b std e	±	Hill, Ross
34	Halimeda cylindracea, chlorophyll a	H. cylindracea chl a	µg/mm²	Hill, Ross	Spectrophotometry
35	Halimeda cylindracea, chlorophyll a, standard error	H. cylindracea chl a std e	±	Hill, Ross
36	Halimeda cylindracea, chlorophyll b	H. cylindracea chl b	µg/mm²	Hill, Ross	Spectrophotometry
37	Halimeda cylindracea, chlorophyll b, standard error	H. cylindracea chl b std e	±	Hill, Ross
38	Marginopora vertebralis, chlorophyll a	M. vertebralis chl a	µg/mm²	Hill, Ross	Spectrophotometry
39	Marginopora vertebralis, chlorophyll a, standard error	M. vertebralis chl a std e	±	Hill, Ross
40	Marginopora vertebralis, chlorophyll c2	M. vertebralis chl c2	µg/mm²	Hill, Ross
41	Marginopora vertebralis, chlorophyll c2, standard error	M. vertebralis chl c2 std e	±	Hill, Ross
42	Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Hill, Ross	see reference(s)	Halimeda macroloba
43	Maximum photochemical quantum yield, standard error	Fv/Fm std e	±	Hill, Ross		Halimeda macroloba
44	Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Hill, Ross	see reference(s)	Halimeda cylindracea
45	Maximum photochemical quantum yield, standard error	Fv/Fm std e	±	Hill, Ross		Halimeda cylindracea
46	Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Hill, Ross	see reference(s)	Marginopora vertebralis
47	Maximum photochemical quantum yield, standard error	Fv/Fm std e	±	Hill, Ross		Marginopora vertebralis
48	Oxygen production rate	O2 prod	µmol/l	Hill, Ross	Fiber-optic oxygen microsensor PSt1 with MicroTX3 transmitter (Presens)	Halimeda macroloba
49	Oxygen production rate, standard error	O2 prod std e	±	Hill, Ross		Halimeda macroloba
50	Oxygen production rate	O2 prod	µmol/l	Hill, Ross	Fiber-optic oxygen microsensor PSt1 with MicroTX3 transmitter (Presens)	Halimeda cylindracea
51	Oxygen production rate, standard error	O2 prod std e	±	Hill, Ross		Halimeda cylindracea
52	Oxygen production rate	O2 prod	µmol/l	Hill, Ross	Fiber-optic oxygen microsensor PSt1 with MicroTX3 transmitter (Presens)	Marginopora vertebralis
53	Oxygen production rate, standard error	O2 prod std e	±	Hill, Ross		Marginopora vertebralis
54	Halimeda macroloba, crystal width	H. macroloba crystal	µm	Hill, Ross	Scanning electron microscope (Zeiss Supra 55VP)
55	Halimeda macroloba, crystal width, standard error	H. macroloba crystal std e	±	Hill, Ross
56	Halimeda cylindracea, crystal width	H. cylindracea crystal	µm	Hill, Ross	Scanning electron microscope (Zeiss Supra 55VP)
57	Halimeda cylindracea, crystal width, standard error	H. cylindracea crystal std e	±	Hill, Ross
58	Marginopora vertebralis, crystal width	M. vertebralis crystal	µm	Hill, Ross	Scanning electron microscope (Zeiss Supra 55VP)
59	Marginopora vertebralis, crystal width, standard error	M. vertebralis crystal std e	±	Hill, Ross
60	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
61	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
62	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
63	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
64	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
65	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
66	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
67	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
68	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
69	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

3776 data points

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