Citation:

S0025315410000457

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry during experiments with Patella vulgata, 2010
Published: 2010
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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Abstract:

The effect of short-term (5 days) exposure to CO2-acidified seawater (year 2100 predicted values, ocean pH = 7.6) on key aspects of the function of the intertidal common limpet Patella vulgata (Gastropoda: Patellidae) was investigated. Changes in extracellular acid-base balance were almost completely compensated by an increase in bicarbonate ions. A concomitant increase in haemolymph Ca2+ and visible shell dissolution implicated passive shell dissolution as the bicarbonate source. Analysis of the radula using SEM revealed that individuals from the hypercapnic treatment showed an increase in the number of damaged teeth and the extent to which such teeth were damaged compared with controls. As radula teeth are composed mainly of chitin, acid dissolution seems unlikely, and so the proximate cause of damage is unknown. There was no hypercapnia-related change in metabolism (O2 uptake) or feeding rate, also discounting the possibility that teeth damage was a result of a CO2-related increase in grazing. We conclude that although the limpet appears to have the physiological capacity to maintain its extracellular acid-base balance, metabolism and feeding rate over a 5 days exposure to acidified seawater, radular damage somehow incurred during this time could still compromise feeding in the longer term, in turn decreasing the top-down ecosystem control that P. vulgata exerts over rocky shore environments.

Project(s):

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Experiment day	Exp day	day	Calosi, Piero
2	Time of day	Time of day		Calosi, Piero
3	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Calosi, Piero
4	Identification	ID		Calosi, Piero
5	Date	Date		Calosi, Piero
6	Salinity	Sal		Calosi, Piero
7	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Calosi, Piero
8	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Calosi, Piero	CO2-Analyser Corning
9	pH	pH		Calosi, Piero	pH meter (Mettler Toledo InLab 413 SG)	BNS (British National Scale)
10	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Calosi, Piero	Calculated using CO2SYS
11	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Calosi, Piero
12	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
14	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
20	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

880 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Exp day [day]	2 Time of day	3 Exp treat	4 ID	5 Date	6 Sal	7 Temp [°C]	8 DIC [µmol/kg] (CO2-Analyser Corning)	9 pH (BNS (British National Scale),...)	10 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	11 AT std e [±]	12 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	13 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	14 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	15 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	16 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	17 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	18 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	19 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	20 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
1	Day 1 Morning	Acidified	Limpets	2008-06-28	35	14	3800	7.52	3287	159	27	6.74	529.92	13813.17	13763.37	3257.29	12.78	0.20	0.30
1	Day 1 Afternoon	Acidified	Limpets	2008-06-28	35	14	3640	7.57	3287	159	27	6.88	376.79	9851.63	9816.16	3245.34	17.87	0.27	0.43
2	Day 2 Morning	Acidified	Limpets	2008-06-29	35	14	2480	7.48	3287	159	27	8.67	3.62	92.68	92.35	1867.20	609.18	9.29	14.51
2	Day 2 Afternoon	Acidified	Limpets	2008-06-29	35	14	3080	7.50	3287	159	27	7.94	29.54	755.95	753.21	2873.56	176.90	2.70	4.21
3	Day 3 Morning	Acidified	Limpets	2008-06-30	35	14	3640	7.48	3287	159	27	6.89	376.60	9636.28	9601.27	3245.70	17.70	0.27	0.42
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Acidified	Limpets	2008-06-30	35	14	3260	7.48	3287	159	27	7.55	77.96	2007.28	2000.01	3103.61	78.43	1.20	1.87
3	Day 3 Morning	Acidified	Limpets	2008-07-01	35	14	4040	7.56	3287	159	27	6.58	764.64	19870.19	19798.47	3266.46	8.90	0.14	0.21
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Acidified	Limpets	2008-07-01	35	14	3840	7.60	3287	159	27	6.71	568.76	14825.52	14772.07	3259.31	11.93	0.18	0.28
4	Day 4 Morning	Acidified	Limpets	2008-07-02	35	14	3280	7.54	3287	159	27	7.51	87.56	2254.39	2246.22	3121.79	70.65	1.08	1.68
4	Day 4 Afternoon	Acidified	Limpets	2008-07-02	35	14	2825	7.57	3287	159	27	8.30	10.89	283.74	282.72	2459.34	354.77	5.42	8.45
5	Day 5 Morning	Acidified	Limpets	2008-07-03	35	14	2600	7.48	3287	159	27	8.55	5.25	135.30	134.81	2074.77	519.98	7.93	12.38
1	Day 1 Morning	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-06-28	35	14	3400	7.56	3287	159	27	7.23	165.61	4316.93	4301.37	3195.03	39.36	0.60	0.94
1	Day 1 Afternoon	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-06-28	35	14	3800	7.62	3287	159	27	6.74	529.94	13856.15	13806.26	3257.25	12.80	0.20	0.30
2	Day 2 Morning	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-06-29	35	14	2400	7.59	3287	159	27	8.74	2.83	72.32	72.06	1728.30	668.88	10.20	15.93
2	Day 2 Afternoon	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-06-29	35	14	2800	7.59	3287	159	27	8.34	9.93	254.00	253.08	2417.46	372.61	5.68	8.87
3	Day 3 Morning	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-06-30	35	14	4000	7.58	3287	159	27	6.61	725.22	18556.79	18489.38	3265.48	9.31	0.14	0.22
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-06-30	35	14	3100	7.58	3287	159	27	7.90	32.58	838.73	835.69	2903.19	164.23	2.50	3.91
3	Day 3 Morning	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-07-01	35	14	3800	7.60	3287	159	27	6.74	529.90	13770.24	13720.54	3257.33	12.77	0.19	0.30
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-07-01	35	14	3500	7.62	3287	159	27	7.06	248.65	6481.43	6458.06	3224.65	26.70	0.41	0.64
4	Day 4 Morning	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-07-02	35	14	3600	7.58	3287	159	27	6.93	339.21	8733.73	8702.08	3241.13	19.66	0.30	0.47
4	Day 4 Afternoon	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-07-02	35	14	2800	7.59	3287	159	27	8.33	10.00	260.72	259.78	2417.06	372.94	5.69	8.88
5	Day 5 Morning	Acidified	Reservoir	2008-07-03	35	14	2800	7.43	3287	159	27	8.34	9.95	256.23	255.30	2417.33	372.72	5.68	8.88
1	Day 1 Morning	Control	Limpets	2008-06-28	35	14	3100	8.16	2943	182	27	7.12	194.72	5091.31	5072.98	2878.08	27.20	0.42	0.65
1	Day 1 Afternoon	Control	Limpets	2008-06-28	35	14	2560	8.24	2943	182	27	8.25	11.40	298.13	297.05	2261.72	286.87	4.38	6.83
2	Day 2 Morning	Control	Limpets	2008-06-29	35	14	1866	8.16	2943	182	27	9.01	0.94	24.16	24.07	1081.31	783.74	11.95	18.66
2	Day 2 Afternoon	Control	Limpets	2008-06-29	35	14	2500	8.29	2943	182	27	8.34	9.01	230.42	229.59	2162.37	328.63	5.01	7.83
3	Day 3 Morning	Control	Limpets	2008-06-30	35	14	3170	8.24	2943	182	27	7.01	255.81	6545.55	6521.77	2893.48	20.71	0.32	0.49
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Control	Limpets	2008-06-30	35	14	2640	8.21	2943	182	27	8.14	15.70	404.32	402.85	2392.85	231.44	3.53	5.51
3	Day 3 Morning	Control	Limpets	2008-07-01	35	14	3400	8.29	2943	182	27	6.74	472.93	12289.73	12245.37	2915.61	11.46	0.17	0.27
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Control	Limpets	2008-07-01	35	14	3340	8.27	2943	182	27	6.80	415.13	10820.88	10781.87	2911.83	13.04	0.20	0.31
4	Day 4 Morning	Control	Limpets	2008-07-02	35	14	2440	8.18	2943	182	27	8.41	7.27	187.06	186.38	2061.46	371.28	5.66	8.84
4	Day 4 Afternoon	Control	Limpets	2008-07-02	35	14	1800	8.29	2943	182	27	9.08	0.72	18.84	18.77	969.24	830.04	12.67	19.77
5	Day 5 Morning	Control	Limpets	2008-07-03	35	14	2275	8.27	2943	182	27	8.59	4.11	105.93	105.55	1781.34	489.54	7.47	11.66
1	Day 1 Morning	Control	Reservoir	2008-06-28	35	14	3000	8.26	2943	182	27	7.33	117.62	3075.39	3064.32	2838.57	43.80	0.67	1.04
1	Day 1 Afternoon	Control	Reservoir	2008-06-28	35	14	2300	8.33	2943	182	27	8.56	4.50	117.35	116.93	1823.77	471.73	7.20	11.24
2	Day 2 Morning	Control	Reservoir	2008-06-29	35	14	2000	8.29	2943	182	27	8.87	1.58	40.44	40.29	1310.55	687.87	10.49	16.38
2	Day 2 Afternoon	Control	Reservoir	2008-06-29	35	14	2700	8.36	2943	182	27	8.04	20.50	524.59	522.69	2488.35	191.15	2.91	4.55
3	Day 3 Morning	Control	Reservoir	2008-06-30	35	14	2900	8.26	2943	182	27	7.60	62.95	1610.81	1604.96	2760.44	76.61	1.17	1.82
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Control	Reservoir	2008-06-30	35	14	2700	8.31	2943	182	27	8.04	20.55	529.05	527.14	2488.20	191.25	2.92	4.55
3	Day 3 Morning	Control	Reservoir	2008-07-01	35	14	3400	8.34	2943	182	27	6.74	472.93	12289.73	12245.37	2915.61	11.46	0.17	0.27
3	Day 3 Afternoon	Control	Reservoir	2008-07-01	35	14	3100	8.34	2943	182	27	7.12	194.68	5074.73	5056.43	2878.15	27.17	0.41	0.65
4	Day 4 Morning	Control	Reservoir	2008-07-02	35	14	2400	8.24	2943	182	27	8.45	6.31	162.51	161.92	1993.88	399.81	6.10	9.52
4	Day 4 Afternoon	Control	Reservoir	2008-07-02	35	14	1900	8.34	2943	182	27	8.97	1.09	28.45	28.35	1139.47	759.44	11.59	18.09
5	Day 5 Morning	Control	Reservoir	2008-07-03	35	14	2000	8.29	2943	182	27	8.87	1.58	40.80	40.66	1310.53	687.89	10.49	16.38