Riebesell, Ulf; Zondervan, Ingrid; Rost, Björn; Tortell, Philippe Daniel; Zeebe, Richard E; Morel, Francois M M (2002): Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with Emiliania huxleyi (PML B93/11A) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726883, Supplement to: Riebesell, U et al. (2000): Reduced calcification of marine plankton in response to increased atmospheric CO2. Nature, 407, 364-367, https://doi.org/10.1038/35030078
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Abstract:
The formation of calcareous skeletons by marine planktonic organisms and their subsequent sinking to depth generates a continuous rain of calcium carbonate to the deep ocean and underlying sediments. This is important in regulating marine carbon cycling and ocean-atmosphere CO2 exchange. The present rise in atmospheric CO2 levels causes significant changes in surface ocean pH and carbonate chemistry. Such changes have been shown to slow down calcification in corals and coralline macroalgae, but the majority of marine calcification occurs in planktonic organisms. Here we report reduced calcite production at increased CO2 concentrations in monospecific cultures of two dominant marine calcifying phytoplankton species, the coccolithophorids Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica . This was accompanied by an increased proportion of malformed coccoliths and incomplete coccospheres. Diminished calcification led to a reduction in the ratio of calcite precipitation to organic matter production. Similar results were obtained in incubations of natural plankton assemblages from the north Pacific ocean when exposed to experimentally elevated CO2 levels. We suggest that the progressive increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations may therefore slow down the production of calcium carbonate in the surface ocean. As the process of calcification releases CO2 to the atmosphere, the response observed here could potentially act as a negative feedback on atmospheric CO2 levels.
Keyword(s):
Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Chromista; Entire community; Growth/Morphology; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light; Not applicable; Open ocean; Other studied parameter or process; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; Temperate
Related to:
Rost, Björn; Zondervan, Ingrid; Riebesell, Ulf (2002): Light-dependent carbon isotope fractionation in the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi. Limnology and Oceanography, 47(1), 120-128, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2002.47.1.0120
Zondervan, Ingrid; Rost, Björn; Riebesell, Ulf (2002): Effect of CO2 concentration on the PIC/POC ratio in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi grown under light-limiting conditions and different daylengths. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 272(1), 55-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00037-0
Zondervan, Ingrid; Zeebe, Richard E; Rost, Björn; Riebesell, Ulf (2001): Decreasing Marine Biogenic Calcification: A Negative Feedback on Rising Atmospheric pCO2. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 15(2), 507-516, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001321
Project(s):
Funding:
Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106: European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).
Parameter(s):
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
1190 data points