Citation:

s00338-008-0454-8

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry, community calcification and photosynthesis during experiments with coral reefs at Shiraho reef, Ishigaki Island, southwest Japan, 2009
Published: 2009-06-23
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Field experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

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Abstract:

Seven coral reef communities were defined on Shiraho fringing reef, Ishigaki Island, Japan. Net photosynthesis and calcification rates were measured by in situ incubations at 10 sites that included six of the defined communities, and which occupied most of the area on the reef flat and slope. Net photosynthesis on the reef flat was positive overall, but the reef flat acts as a source for atmospheric CO2, because the measured calcification/photosynthesis ratio of 2.5 is greater than the critical ratio of 1.67. Net photosynthesis on the reef slope was negative. Almost all excess organic production from the reef flat is expected to be effused to the outer reef and consumed by the communities there. Therefore, the total net organic production of the whole reef system is probably almost zero and the whole reef system also acts as a source for atmospheric CO2. Net calcification rates of the reef slope corals were much lower than those of the branching corals. The accumulation rate of the former was approximately 0.5 m kyr?1 and of the latter was ~0.7-5 m kyr?1. Consequently, reef slope corals could not grow fast enough to keep up with or catch up to rising sea levels during the Holocene. On the other hand, the branching corals grow fast enough to keep up with this rising sea level. Therefore, a transition between early Holocene and present-day reef communities is expected. Branching coral communities would have dominated while reef growth kept pace with sea level rise, and the reef was constructed with a branching coral framework. Then, the outside of this framework was covered and built up by reef slope corals and present-day reefs were constructed.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Field experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Event(s):

NN_08 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Site	Site		Nakamura, T
2	Date/time start	Date/time start		Nakamura, T
3	Date/time end	Date/time end		Nakamura, T
4	Salinity	Sal		Nakamura, T	Salinometer (Model 601 MK-IV, Yeo-Kal Electronics Pvt. Ltd).
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Nakamura, T	Temperature/pH-logger
6	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Nakamura, T	Photon flux sensor (MDS MkV/L, Alec Electronics Co., Ltd)
7	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
8	pH	pH		Nakamura, T	pH meter (Radiometer, PHM, 240)	Total scale
9	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Nakamura, T	Potentiometric open-cell titration
10	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Nakamura, T	Calculated
11	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	mmol/m²/h	Nakamura, T	Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975)
19	Net photosynthesis rate	PN	mmol/m²/h	Nakamura, T	Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

2576 data points

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