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Reconnaissance study of an inferred Quaternary maar structure in the western part of the Bohemian Massif near Neualbenreuth, NE-Bavaria (Germany)

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Abstract

After a comprehensive geophysical prospecting the Quaternary Mýtina Maar, located on a line between the two Quaternary scoria cones Komorní hůrka/Kammerbühl and Železná hůrka/Eisenbühl, could be revealed by a scientific drilling at the German–Czech border in 2007. Further geophysical field investigations led to the discovery of another geological structure about 2.5 km ESE of the small town Neualbenreuth (NE-Bavaria, Germany), inferred to be also a maar structure, being the fourth volcanic feature aligned along the NW–SE trending Tachov fault zone. It is only faintly indicated as a partial circular rim in the digital elevation model. Though not expressed by a clear magnetic anomaly, geoelectric and refraction seismic tomography strongly indicates a bowl-shaped depression filled with low-resistivity and low-velocity material, correlating well with the well-defined negative gravity anomaly of − 2.5 mGal. Below ca. 15 m-thick debris layer, successions of mostly laminated sediments were recovered in a 100 m-long sediment core in 2015. Sections of finely laminated layers, likely varves, rich in organic matter and tree pollen, were recognized in the upper (22–30 m) and lower (70–86 m) part of the core, respectively, interpreted as interglacials, whereas mostly minerogenic laminated deposits, poor in organic matter, and (almost) barren of tree pollen are interpreted as clastic glacial deposits. According to a preliminary age model based on magnetostratigraphy, palynology, radiocarbon dating, and cyclostratigraphy, the recovered sediments span the time window from about 85 ka back to about 270 ka, covering marine isotope stages 5–8. Sedimentation rates are in the range of 10 cm ka−1 in interglacials and up to 100 cm ka−1 in glacial phases. The stratigraphic record resembles the one from Mýtina Maar, with its eruption date being derived from a nearby tephra deposit at 288 ± 17 ka, thus supporting the age model of the inferred Neualbenreuth Maar.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the commune of Neualbenreuth, especially the mayor K. Meyer, the District Office Tirschenreuth and the water management office Weiden for the permission to perform the scientific drilling in the maar structure, and T. Pürner (Bavarian Environment Agency) for the support to realise the drilling. We appreciate technical assistance of M. Seidl and V. Polak (Institute of Geophysics, Prague) who performed geodetic measurements as part of the recent gravity survey. This survey was financially supported by the Bavarian Geological Survey, and partly by research infrastructure, CzechGeo/EPOS—project LM2015089, and by the German Research Foundation (DFG, project KA902/16-3). U. Lauterbach (Bavarian Environment Agency, Marktredwitz) was of great help during opening and initial processing of the core sections. P. Meier and S. Pinkerneil (both GFZ Potsdam) did sample preparation for TOC determinations. Thanks are given to G. Utschig (Senckenberg, Weimar) for preparing the pollen samples. Finally, we are very grateful to V. Lorenz and M. Melles for their overall constructive reviews.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt/Bavarian Environment Agency, Leopoldstraße 30, 95615, Marktredwitz, Germany

    J. Rohrmüller

  2. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 3.2, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany

    H. Kämpf

  3. Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt/Bavarian Environment Agency, Haunstetter Straße 112, 86161, Augsburg, Germany

    E. Geiß, J. Großmann & C. Veress

  4. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.2, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany

    I. Grun, J. Mingram, B. Plessen, A. Wendt & N. Nowaczyk

  5. Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

    I. Grun

  6. Institute of Geophysics CAS, Bocni II 1401, 141 31, Praha 4, Czech Republic

    J. Mrlina

  7. Senckenberg Research Station of Quaternary Palaeontology Weimar, 99423, Weimar, Germany

    M. Stebich

  8. Institute of Geography and Geology, University of Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany

    A. Wendt

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Rohrmüller, J., Kämpf, H., Geiß, E. et al. Reconnaissance study of an inferred Quaternary maar structure in the western part of the Bohemian Massif near Neualbenreuth, NE-Bavaria (Germany). Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 107, 1381–1405 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-017-1543-0

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